广西主要杂交大豆育成品种系谱分析

对1981—2005年间广西杂交育成的大豆品种及有代表性的杂交育成品系进行了亲本来源分析,并在此基础上,采用共祖先度方法分析了它们之间的亲缘关系。结果表明,这17个大豆品种(系)共涉及25个原始亲本,其中广西地方品种8个,外省品种14个,外国品种3个,平均每个品种含有2.9个原始亲本。大多数亲本只衍生一个品种,衍生品种最多的亲本为“靖西早黄豆”(7个),其次为“北京豆”(6个)、“平果豆”、“杂交混选”和“矮脚早”均为3个,“青仁乌”和“玉林大豆”均衍生2个品种。杂交方式以单交为主,17个杂交育成品种中,采用单交方式杂交选育的有16个,仅有1个为复合杂交育成。祖先度分析阐明了原始亲本和杂交育成品种之间的亲缘关系远近,可为育种提供参考。

Ancestral Analysis of Soybean Cultivars Released in Guangxi

The auther made an analysis of genetic relationship of the ancestors with their derivative cultivars released in Guangxi, and calculated their coancestry coefficients in this paper. The results showed that the total 12 soybean cultivars and 5 breeding lines released in Guangxi during 1981-2005 can be traced back to 25 ancestors. Among them, 8 were landraces, 14 unknown strains from other provinces, and 3 exotic introductions, one cultivar can be traced back to 2.9 ancestors average. Many ancestors only de- rived a cultivar, but a few ancestors have derived more than two cultivars. For example, Jingxi Soybean derived 7 cultivars, Beijing Soybean 6, PingGuo Soybean 3 and so on. Single cross are key breeding models in Guangxi, there are 16 from this model among the total 17 strains.