不同栽培法对晚稻氨基酸含量影响及其机理的研究

为给高蛋白高产栽培综合技术体系的推广应用提供理论依据,以高蛋白的培两优288和低蛋白的培两优210为材料,采用田间裂区试验设计,研究了高蛋白高产栽培综合技术体系、三壮三高栽培法、常规栽培法3种不同栽培法对高蛋白和低蛋白两个杂交晚稻组合功能叶及籽粒中谷草转氨酶(GOT)与天冬氨酸激酶(AK)活性的影响。结果表明:与三壮三高栽培法、常规栽培法相比,高蛋白高产栽培综合技术体系能够有效提高晚稻蜡熟期和黄熟期功能叶及籽粒中GOT和AK的活性,且在高蛋白组合和低蛋白组合上都有较好的应用效果;功能叶中GOT和AK的活性在蜡熟期分别提高了11.41%￣27.72%和7.96%￣47.45%,功能叶中AK的活性在黄熟期提高了21.61%￣163.76%;籽粒中GOT和AK的活性在黄熟期分别提高了127.33%￣175.36%和16.36%￣89.13%。功能叶和籽粒中GOT和AK活性的提高有效促进了晚稻蛋白质和氨基酸的合成,使得(添加)糙米蛋白质含量的增幅为1.61gkg￣23.26g/kg;氨基酸含量的增幅为2.24%￣44.09%。其中人体7种必需氨基酸的含量增加9.20%￣58.05%;猪11种必需氨基酸的含量增加4.47%￣66.36%。

Effects of 3 Sets of Cultivation Practices on Activities of Glutamate-oxaloacetate Transaminase(GOT) and Aspartokinase(AK) of 2 Combinations of Late Rice

In order to give reason for generalizing high-protein and high-yield cultural integrative technology system of rice, two combinations of Peiliangyou288(high protein) and Peiliangyou210(low protein) were used to study the effects of high-protein and high-yield cultural integrative technology system of rice, san-zhuang-san-gao cultivation and practice cultivation on the activities of GOT and AK in functional leaves and grains of late cropping hybrid rice, based on the field experiment with the split-plot design.The results showed that high-protein and high-yield cultural integrative technology system of rice can obviously improve activities of GOT and AK in functional leaves and grains of Peiliangyou288 and Peiliangyou210, compared with san-zhuang-san-gao cultivation and practice cultivation. In functional leaves activities of GOT and AK on waxy stage increased by 11.41%~27.72% and 7.96%~47.45% respectively and activity of AK on maturing stage increased by 21.61%~163.76%, In grains activities of GOT and AK on maturing stage increased by 127.33%~175.36% and 16.36%~89.13% respectively.In addition, the contents of protein in brown rice increased by 1.61g/kg~23.26g/kg and the contents of amino acids in brown rice increased by 2.24%~44.09%. In these amino acids the contents of 7 kinds of amino acids essential for human health(Lys, Thr, Val, Met, Leu, Ile, Phe) in brown rice increased by 9.20%~58.05% and the contents of 11 kinds of amino acids essential for pig health(Lys, Thr, Val, Met, Leu,Ile,Phe, His, Arg, Cys, Tyr) in brown rice 4.47%~66.36%.