抗穗发芽2D/2H小大麦易位系的鉴定和应用研究

大麦2H染色体长臂上的Isa-H基因控制α-淀粉酶抑制蛋白的合成，减轻高α-淀粉酶活性对小麦穗发芽的不利影响。为了检测小大麦杂交后代中有无大麦Isa-H基因导入，利用染色体C-分带和原位杂交技术相结合对所创制的2H小大麦异附加系WBA9812和易位系WBT371进行了鉴定，以完整麦穗吸水保湿发芽法测定穗发芽的抗性，结合农艺性状观测，选育出具有抗穗发芽等优异特性的小大麦新种质。分析结果表明：WBT371是2D／2H易位系，抗小麦穗发芽。WBT371为进一步培育抗穗发芽小麦新品种创造了宝贵的种质资源。

Study on Identification and Application for 2D/2H Wheat-barley Translocation Line with Pre-harvest Sprouting Resistance

Isa-H gene on the barley 2HL chromosome is controlled composing of a-amylase restrainable protein, and using barley Isa-H gene can lighten activity of a-amylase and unfavorably influence of sprouting. New germplasm with resistance sprouts can be created by introduce the barley Isa-H gene to wheat through distant hybridization between wheat and barley. In order to identify whether or not the barley Isa-H gene introduce the material of wheat-barley hybrid progenies, the alien addition lines WBA9812 and translocation line WBT371 were identified by Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and chromosomes C-band, and their resistance to pre-harvest sprouting were also menstruated by the way of full ear sop water to germinate on keeping wet. Combining with observation of their agriculture properties, the new germplasm with pre-harvest sprouting resistance was selected. The identification results showed that WBT371 was 2D/2H translocation line, and with high resistance to sprouting. Chromosome C-band and FISH were effect ways to identify wheat-barley hybrid progeny materials. The method of full ear sop water to germinate on keeping wet was simple and credibility to test sprouting. WBT371 was invaluableness germplasm to breed new variety with resistance to sprouting.