甘蔗基因型的鉴定与分类

应用表型聚类法,根椐7种性状的欧氐距离把40个甘蔗基因型划分为6个类群,从中筛选出24个基因型。进而应用遗传聚类分析,根椐6种性状的马氐距离把24个基因型划分为5个类群。发现经济性状最突出的类群是由来自印度尼西亚的早熟高产高糖基因型福引79-8和来自毛里求斯的中熟高产高糖基因型福引79-9组成,经多点多年区试验证,这两个优良基因型的平均蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量均比对照种显著增产,可能成为福建蔗区的更新换代品种。结果还表明,聚类分析不仅是指导甘蔗亲本选配的有用工具,而且和稳定性分析一样,也是筛选鉴定甘蔗无性系,完善现有育种程序,提高选择效率的精确而有效的方法。

IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF SUGARCANE GENOTYPES

Based on the Euclidian distance measured on 7 economic characters by using phenotyhic clustering method, 40 sugarcane genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters from which 24 genotypes were selected. The genetic clustering analysis was subsquently applied to classify the 24 genotypes into 5 clusters on the basis of the Mahalanobis' distance measured on 6 economic characters. It was found that early maturity genotype FIN79-8 from Indonesia as well as mid-maturity genotype FIN79-9 from Mauritius, both had high cane yield and sugar productivity. They constituted one cluster which was superior to the other clusters for the performance of characters. Through repeated regional tests in several years and locations, the averaged harvested cane and Sugar yields of these two excellent genotypes increased significantly in comparison with the check varieties. They show good prospects to become new sugarcane cultivars for the Fujian sugarcane growing areas. The results also showed that the clustering analysis was not only an useful tool for guiding the parental choice in sugarcane hybridization, but also proved to be an accurate and efficient method for screening sugarcane clones, perfecting current breeding procedure, and promoting the selection efficiency.