不同栽培条件下白花丹药材浸出物的含量测定

目的]对不同采收期的野生药材及不同条件下栽培的白花丹药材浸出物进行含量测定,为建立白花丹药材质量标准提供试验依据。方法]按《中国药典》2010年版I部附录X A的浸出物测定法项下的浸出物测定法热浸法测定,并采用DPS3.1软件对不同采收期的野生药材及不同条件下栽培品的根、茎、叶浸出物含量进行相似性评价。结果]所有样品中(除不同光照条件外),药材根、茎、叶能明显分开,根和叶的相似度较高。不同采收时间的白花丹根、茎和叶的总浸出物含量高于野生样品;其中1～3和11～12月的根、茎和叶的总浸出物含量较高,但由于1～3月份的白花丹个体太小,不适合采收。因此,选择10～12月作为采收期,这与当地采收时间基本一致;以种子苗和扦插苗繁殖的白花丹根、茎和叶的总浸出物含量较高,而农业上植株生长产量以分株苗最好。但是,由于野生白花丹药材资源有限,使用种子苗和分株苗进行后续的试验样本不足,因此建议选择扦插繁殖方式;以生土栽培的白花丹根、茎和叶的总浸出物含量中最高;而农业上以熟土栽培的植株生长产量最高,粘土次之。由于熟土的资源有限,再综合各方面因素,建议选择粘土进行栽培;N、P和K肥都能促进白花丹植株生长。综合各方面因素,建议施加适当量的N、P和K肥较好;全光照下栽培的白花丹根、茎和叶的总浸出物含量最高;聚类分析将全光照下生长的药材根聚为第1类,其余的为第2类;建议采用全光照进行栽培。结论]该方法简单、准确、重复性好,为建立白花丹药材质量标准提供了试验数据。

Determination of the Extracts Content from HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE Cultivated under Different Conditions

Objective] To determine the content of extracts from wild HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE harvested at different time and cultivated HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE under different conditions,so as to provide experimental basis for establishing the quality standards of HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE.Method] Samples were determined according to the procedures recorded in the Appendix XA of 2010 edition Chinese Pharmacopoeia,a similarity evaluation was carried out on the contents of extracts from the stems,roots and leaves of wild and cultivated samples.Result] Of all samples(apart from that cultivated under different light conditions),their roots,stems and leaves could be obviously distinguished,the similarity of roots and leaves was high.The total extracts contents in the roots,stems and leaves from HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE harvested at different time were higher than that from wild samples;the total extracts contents were higher from January to March and from November to December,but due to the small plant size during January-March,the best harvest period was determined to be from October to December,basically coinciding with local harvesting time;the total extracts of HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE propagated with seeds and cutting plants were higher,but the plants propagated with individual seedling was the highest.Due to the limited wild HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE resources,it was suggested to use cutting seedling propagation;the HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE cultivated in raw soil had the highest contents of extracts,but that cultivated in mellow soil had the highest yield,followed by that in clay.In view of the limited clay resources,it was suggested to use clay;N,P and K fertilizers all could promote the plant growth.Appropriate amount of N,P and K fertilizers should be arranged;the HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE cultivated under full sunlight had the highest contents of extracts;they were classified by cluster analysis into the first type,others belonged to the second type,it was suggested to adopt full light cultivation.Conclusion] The method was simple and accurate with good reproducibility,which provided experimental data for the quality standards of HERBA PLUBAGINIS ZEYLANICAE.