酒泉啤酒花气候适宜性研究

用玉门饮马农场1989～2008年近20a啤酒花产量与甲酸含量资料,对比1981～2010年酒泉市所属的玉门、敦煌、肃北、瓜州、金塔、酒泉(肃州区)等县、市、区的气候资料,分析了啤酒花在各地的产量与甲酸含量高低。结果表明:①影响啤酒花产量和甲酸含量的最敏感因子是2～5月份的降水量和7月份的平均气温。②3月份降水量多,啤酒花产量最低;7月份平均气温为24.0℃时,产量最高。3月份降水量多,啤酒花甲酸含量高;2～5月份的降水量少,甲酸含量低。③酒泉市所属的敦煌、瓜州、金塔、玉门、酒泉、肃北2～5月份平均降水量依次增多;7月份平均气温依次降低,敦煌为啤酒花单产量高值区;肃北为啤酒花单产量低值区,甲酸含量高值区,但综合考虑啤酒花主要生长期4～9月份的平均积温等因素,肃北不适宜啤酒花种植。瓜州、金塔的啤酒花单产量与甲酸含量应高于玉门和酒泉,酒泉啤酒花甲酸含量高于玉门。

Climatic Suitability of Jiuquan Hops

According to the data about yield and formic acid content of hops in Yumen Yinma farm during 1989-2008,as well as the climatic data of Yumen,Dunhuang,Subei,Guazhou,Jinta,Jiuquan(Suzhou area) in Jiuquan City from 1981-2010,the yield and formic acid content of hops in those regions were analyzed.Results showed that,① the most sensitive factors influencing the yield and formic acid content of hops were the precipitation from February to May and the average temperature in July.② The yield of hops was the lowest while formic acid content was the highest in March when the precipitation was the maximum;the yield was the highest in July when the average temperature reached 24.0 ℃,the formic acid content was the lowest during February and May when the precipitation was the minimum.③ The average precipitation from February to May showed an increasing order in Dunhuang,Guazhou,Jinta,Yumen,Jiuquan and Subei;while the average temperature of July in those areas showed an decreasing order,the yield of hops was the highest in Dunhuang,while the lowest in Subei,where the formic acid content of hops was the maximum,in consideration of the average temperature accumulation during the growth period of hops from April to September,Subei was not suitable for growing hops.The per unit area yield and formic acid content of hops in Guazhou and Jinta were higher than that in Yumen and Jiuquan,and the formic acid content in Jiuquan was higher than that in Yumen.