海南岛沿海蜡皮蜥生境及其致危因素调查

为掌握蜡皮蜥野外生存状况,于2005～2006年,对海南岛沿海28个地点进行了蜡皮蜥分布的生境类型和致危因素的调查。结果表明海南岛沿海蜡皮蜥的优势分布生境类型为荒坡地、林苗地和裸沙地;一般分布生境类型为木麻黄林(林3～4龄)、砂生灌丛和西瓜地;偶见分布生境类型为农业旱地、木麻黄林(>4龄)、果园和桉树林(>2龄)。生境丧失和人为非法捕捉是导致沿海蜡皮蜥致危的主要因素,由于经济林建设、经济田开垦、果园和旅游占地,导致蜡皮蜥优势分布的荒坡地和裸沙地面积急剧减少,而非法捕捉直接导致野外种群数量急剧下降。

Survey on Habitats and Threatening Factors of Leiolepis reevesii in Coastal Region of Hainan Island

To understand the living status of Leiolepis reevesii in the field,28 survey sites were sampled in coastal region of Hainan Island,and habitat types and threatening factors of Leiolepis reevesii were investigated from 2005 to 2006.The results indicated the dominant habitats distributed by Leiolepis reevesii are barren slope,seedling land(stand age at 1-2 years) and bared sand;the common habitats are Casuarina equisetifolia plantation(stand age at 3-4 years),sand shrub and watermelon land;and dry cropland,Casuarina equisetifolia plantation(stand age over 5 years),orchard and Eucalyptus plantation(stand age over 2 years) are the seldom distributed habitats.Habitats losses and illegal harvest are the main threatening factors of Leiolepis reevesii.Plantation construction,reclamation for economic crops,exploiting lands for orchard and tourism lead to the habitats of barren slope and bared sand dramatically declining,illegal harvest directly leads to the population of Leiolepis reevesii sharply decreasing.