麻疯树不同提取物对福寿螺的毒杀活性

目的]分析麻疯树不同部位多种提取物对福寿螺的毒杀活性。方法]采用浸泡法,测定了不同浓度的麻疯树根和叶的甲醇提取物、水溶性成分和脂溶性成分、种子油和皂化种子油以及从根中分离得到的Jatropholone B和Curcusone D在不同处理时间下对福寿螺的毒杀活性。结果]除麻疯树根和叶的水溶性成分外,其他样品都有一定的杀螺活性,其中根的脂溶性成分杀螺效果最佳2,4 h时LD50为0.10 mg/ml,该浓度下处理72 h时福寿螺死亡率达到100%。化合物Jatropholone B和Curcusone D也具有一定的杀螺活性,其中Jatropholone B在72 h时的LD50为0.02 mg/ml;Curcusone D在48 h时的LD50为0.02 mg/ml。结论]麻疯树资源具有开发成为杀灭福寿螺的绿色农药的潜在价值。

The Molluscidal Activities of Different Extracts from Jatropha curcas L.against Pomacea canaliculata

Objective] The aim was to analyze the molluscidal activities of different extracts from J.curcas against P.canaliculata.Method] Using steeping method,the molluscidal activities of carbinol extracts,water-soluble and lipophilic extracts,the seed oil and defatted seeds oil from roots and leaves of J.curcas with different concentrations,and Jatropholone B and Curcusone D separated from roots against P.canaliculata were determined.Result] All kinds of extracts showed a significant molluscidal effect on the adult snails at a low concentration except the water-soluble extracts from J.curcas leaves and roots.The lipophilic extracts of roots showed the best molluscidal effect.The LD50 was 0.10 mg/ml at 24 h,and the treatment with the extract for more than 72 h resulted in a 100% mortality rate of the snails.The LD50 of Jatropholone B was 0.02 mg/ml at 72 h,while the LD50 of Curcusone D was 0.02 mg/ml at 48 h.Conclusion] J.curcas has a potential value for developing natural pesticides to control P.canaliculata.