可食疫苗研究进展

对动物免疫成功与否，要看能否将易感群体减少到传染病可流行的阈值以下，因此免疫接种的广泛性是控制人盲疫病流行的重要因素之一。尽管医药科学已有飞速发展，但是由于疫苗的生产、配送等方面的限制，全球推广免疫接种仍然面临着巨大的困难。开发使用方便、廉价、高效疫苗，对控制全球各种疾病的爆发和流行有着深远的意义。目前，广泛研究的可食疫苗（Edible Vaccine）为解决这一难题提供了新的思路和方法。可食疫苗不仅有使用方便、安全的优点，而且一旦在转基因植物、动物或微生物中研究推广，可以立即为落后贫困地区人畜疫病防疫提供廉价可行的可食疫苗。本文主要综述目前广泛研究的几种可食疫苗的研究进展，主要包括：转基因植物可食疫苗、沙门氏菌携带的重组和DNA核酸可食疫苗、其他微生物携带或重组的可食疫苗，以及转基因动物生产的可食疫苗。

PROGRESS ON EDIBLE VACCING

Whether immunization succeed or not is up to prevention of this disease under the threshold of epidemicity. So, the scope of herd immunized is a very important aspect for control the epidemic disease. Though medical science is very developed, production and distribution of medicine and vaccine is still limited, especially in those undeveloped countries and areas, and it is difficult to popularize immunization all around the world. Now, the edible vaccine, which is very cheap and convenient for those mountainous areas, can resolve these shortcomings existed in the normal vaccine. In this paper, the transgenic plant-derived, animal-derived edible vaccine, the edible vaccine carried by the attenuated Salmonella serovar Typhi is summarized.