黄土高原地区玉米双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术土壤水温条件及其产量效应

田间比较玉米双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术新型覆膜方式(SL)与其他覆膜方式———条膜起垄覆盖(TL),条膜平铺覆盖(TP),全膜平铺覆盖(QP)以及不覆膜(CK)在土壤含水量,土壤温度及玉米产量三个方面差别。分析结果显示:新型覆膜方式SL在作物苗期和成株期的表层土壤含水量最高,地表蒸发量较小,集水效果最好;在苗期的表层地温高于其他处理,超出对照6.1℃。各处理玉米产量从高到低次序为SLQPTLTPCK。其中SL比QP增加21.9%,比TL增加64.8%,比TP增加32.1%,较CK提高了1045%。SL的经济收益是QP的1.2倍,TL的1.7倍,TP的1.3倍,CK的10.2倍。双垄全膜覆盖沟播栽培技术是黄土高原半干旱区一项有效的增产和提高农民经济收入的措施。

Effect of double ridges mulched with wide plastic film on soil water, soil temperature and yield of corn in semiarid Loess Plateau of China

The field was planted with corn and mulched with plastic film in different ways.Five treatments were tested:(1) Flat plot without mulch(CK);(2) Double ridges mulched with plastic film,the joint of two ridges was furrowed and corn was planted in double furrows(SL);(3) Alternating ridges and furrows,only the ridge was mulched with plastic film and corn was planted in the two sides of the ridge(TL);(4) No ridge,alternating mulched flat plot and bare flat plot.(TP);(5) No ridge,the flat plot was mulched with pl...