青杨天牛幼虫响应低氧胁迫的转录组分析

为探究青杨天牛Saperda populnea幼虫低氧适应的分子机制,分别对青杨天牛幼虫进行常氧（21%氧浓度）、中度缺氧（14%氧浓度）和重度缺氧（7%氧浓度）处理,采用高通量测序技术对低氧胁迫下青杨天牛进行转录组测序与组装、功能注释与分类、差异基因筛选与分析,采用实时荧光定量PCR（quantitative real-time PCR,qPCR）技术对转录组测序结果进行验证。结果表明,与常氧处理相比,14%和7%氧浓度处理下青杨天牛幼虫显著差异表达基因数分别为31个和1 525个。低氧胁迫后青杨天牛幼虫的显著差异表达基因功能主要富集到跨膜转运蛋白活性、细胞或亚细胞组分运动、微管运动等。低氧胁迫后青杨天牛幼虫差异表达基因代谢通路主要富集到氮代谢、蛋白质消化吸收、昼夜节律和环磷酸腺苷（cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP）信号通路等。qPCR检测结果与转录组测序结果一致,表明转录组测序结果可靠。

Transcriptome analysis of small poplar borer Saperda populnea larvae in response to hypoxic stress

To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the hypoxic adaptation of small poplar borer Saperda populnea larvae, the larvae were treated with normal oxygen (21% O₂ concentration), moderate hypoxia (14% O₂ concentration) and severe hypoxia (7% O₂ concentration). Transcriptome sequencing and assembly, functional annotation and classification, as well as screening and analysis of differentially expressed genes in S. populnea under hypoxic stress were conducted using high-throughput sequencing techniques. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to verify the sequencing accuracy of transcriptome data. The results indicated that the number of differentially expressed genes in S. populnea larvae treated with 14% O₂ concentration and 7% O₂ concentration was 31 and 1 525, respectively, compared to larvae in a normal oxygen environment. The functions of these differentially expressed genes in S. populnea larvae exposed to hypoxic stress were mainly enriched in transmembrane transporter activity, movement of cell or subcellular component, and microtubule-based movement. The differentially expressed genes under hypoxic stress were mainly enriched in KEGG pathways such as nitrogen metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, circadian entrainment, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway. Validation through qPCR revealed similar results in the RNA-seq data, affirming the accuracy of the sequencing data.