不同时空尺度下黄河口及其邻近水域鱼类群落谱系结构

为探究不同时空尺度下黄河口及其邻近水域鱼类群落谱系结构的分布格局以及多样性的维持机制, 根据 2013 年 6 月、7 月、8 月、10 月和 2014 年 2 月、4 月和 5 月在黄河口及其邻近水域开展的 7 个航次的鱼类资源调查数据, 基于鱼类系统发育关系, 分别以各月份黄河口及其邻近水域的鱼类群落、全年和不同月份在各个站位上出现的鱼类为目标群落, 应用净亲缘关系指数分析了该海域鱼类群落谱系结构的时空变化, 并探讨了影响群落构建的主要因素。结果表明, 在黄河口及其邻近水域, 鱼类群落谱系结构在 2 月、4 月呈现发散状态, 竞争排斥可能是影响鱼类群落构建的主导因素; 在其他月份均为谱系聚集状态, 生境过滤可能是鱼类群落构建的主导因素。在站位尺度上, 从全年来看, 入海口处的站位点鱼类群落呈现为谱系发散, 竞争排斥起着主导作用, 而其他站位鱼类群落谱系结构表现为谱系聚集, 生境过滤为主要驱动因素; 在各月份中, 站位间鱼类净亲缘关系指数变化较小, 除 2 月和 4 月外, 各月份中多数站位上鱼类群落表现为谱系聚集, 生境过滤起着主导作用。不同时空尺度下, 黄河口及其邻近水域鱼类群落有不同的物种组成和谱系结构; 在较大时空尺度下, 生境过滤对鱼类群落谱系结构起主导作用, 而在较小时空尺度下竞争排斥则是主要影响因素。

Phylogenetic structure of fish community at different spatio-temporal scales in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters

This study aimed to explore the distribution patterns of the phylogenetic structure of fish communities and the maintenance mechanism of fish diversity at different spatio-temporal in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters and discuss the main influencing factors affecting community assembly. This study focused on the fish communities in the whole area of the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters and used the net relatedness index (NRI) to analyze the spatio-temporal changes in the phylogenetic structure of the fish community, considering the phylogeny of fish species based on data collected from different surveys. The surveys were conducted in June, July, August, and October 2013; and February, April, and May 2014 in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters from 2013 to 2014 The results showed that in the whole area of the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters, community structures in February and April 2014 were phylogenetically overdispersed, and competitive exclusion may be the main influencing factor in community assembly. Meanwhile, in other months, the community structures were phylogenetically clustered, and habitat filtering may be the dominant factor in the community assembly of fish assemblages. The fish communities were phylogenetically clustered, and habitat filtering might have played a major role in the phylogenetic structure of fish communities at each station throughout the year, except for the phylogenetic structure of fish communities at stations near the estuary, which showed that phylogenetic overdispersion and competitive exclusion played a dominant role. The NRI of fish communities among different stations varied slightly each month, and the community structures at most stations were phylogenetically clustered in different months, except for February and April 2014, indicating that habitat filtering was the main driving factor. Fish communities have different species compositions and phylogenetic structures at different spatiotemporal scales in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent waters. Habitat filtering played a dominant role in phylogenetic structure at large spatio-temporal scales, whereas competition exclusion was the main driving factor in the phylogenetic structure at small spatio-temporal scales.