我国竹类植物种质保护体系的适度理念研究

竹类是一类具特殊生长习性与生长型的植物,其分布范围广泛、有性生殖脆弱而无性繁殖发达,易于受到人为和自然因素的影响而沦为小种群或濒危物种。本文从小种群近交危害与集合种群上分析了竹类种质保护的适度思想,即适宜的局域种群与集合种群结构度是优化竹类野生种质保护的重要依据;并从区域相对封闭生态系统结构度与竹类种质稳定性上分析了野生种质适度保护的策略;最后从加强竹类种质种群生态学特征的编目清查、自然野生栖息地就地保护、竹类种质保存圃建立与完善,以及竹类原料林的定向培育4方面阐述了竹类种质的适度保护体系。

Moderate Theory for Germplasm Conservation System of Bamboo in China

Bamboo is a kind of plants with a special growth habit and growth form. Bamboo species are fragile in reproduction but flourished in clone reproduction with a wide distributed range, and become a small population or endangered species as they are easy to be influenced by human and nature factors. This paper analyzed the moderate theory to conserve bamboo germplasm from the perspective of the inbred depression of small population and metapopulation, i.e., the moderate structure threshold of regional population and metalpopulation is the important basis to optimize the conservation of wild germplasm of bamboo. It also analyzed the conservation strategy for wild bamboo germplasm in terms of structure threshold of relative close ecosystem and bamboo germplasm stability. Finally, the moderate conservation systems of bamboo germplasm were discussed from the perspectives of intensifying the cataloging and survey of ecological traits of bamboo germplasm and population, in-suit conservation of nature wild habitats, establishment and improvement of conservation garden for bamboo germplasm and the orientation cultivation of stock bamboo forest.