麦瘟病研究进展与展望

由Magnaporthe oryzae引起的麦瘟病是一种毁灭性小麦真菌病害,过去仅在南美流行,可造成10%~100%减产。2016年该病害首次在亚洲出现,给世界小麦生产带来重大潜在威胁。本文对麦瘟病病原生物学与病害流行学、小麦抗性材料筛选、麦瘟病的抗病性机制和综合治理等进行评述,并介绍了该领域国际合作研究的成功经验,以期为国内开展类似工作提供借鉴。尽管我国尚无麦瘟病报道,但南方部分地区为潜在适生区,异常气候可能会导致其在大范围流行,因此需高度警惕。建议与国际麦瘟病协作网合作,尽快开展麦瘟病相关研究,建立对此病害的监测预警和防治关键技术储备体系,以保障我国小麦生产安全。

Progress and Perspective in Wheat Blast Research

Wheat blast is an emerging deadly disease which can cause 10%–100% of yield losses. The disease primarily devastating only in South America, was first identified in Asia in 2016, posing a great potential threat to world wheat production. Here, we reviewed the features of wheat blast pathology and epidemiology, the resistance sources, the resistance mechanisms, and the integrated disease management strategies. The success of international collaboration on fighting the disease is also addressed, which provides proof of concept model that we can follow in our studies. Wheat blast has not been found in China, but we need to be very cautious and highly alert since there is a risk that the disease can outbreak in certain areas of southern China. The unusual weather pattern will put the situation even worse. To keep national wheat production safe, we need collaborate with International Wheat Blast Consortium to carry out necessary researches and build early warning and disaster preparedness systems to facilitate mitigation of the disease of high consequences and importance.