评价黑龙江省主栽马铃薯品种及重要育种材料对北方根结线虫的抗性

根结线虫(Meloidogyne spp.)是一种寄主范围广泛,危害马铃薯的重要的植物寄生线虫。本研究选用黑龙省主栽马铃薯品种和部分育种材料共28份进行温室盆栽试验以明确其对北方根结线虫病害的抗感反应,随机区组设计,5次重复。结果表明,北方根结线虫在这28份材料上都能繁殖,且繁殖系数(RF)均大于1(1.53~37.90)。白头翁、会-2和红参的繁殖系数分别为2.41、2.02和1.53,与青薯3号(36.93)和608 Kennebec(37.9)差异显著(P0.05);线虫在参试的马铃薯植株根上繁殖的卵块数量范围为每克鲜重26.6~217.4个,根据卵块数量分级,白头翁(3级)为抗病材料;植株上的虫瘿指数(Galling Index)范围为1.5~6.8,根据虫瘿指数评价,白头翁(1.8)、会-2(1.5)和红参(2.2)为抗病材料。综合块茎评价结果在参试的28份材料中白头翁是较抗北方根结线虫的材料,会-2和红参的根部对北方根结线虫具有一定的耐病性,可作为培育抗病品种资源,感病材料青薯3号和608 Kennebec可作为筛选材料的感病对照。

Resistance Evaluation of Potato Cultivars and Germplasms to Meloidogyne hapla in Heilongjiang Province

Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp., RKN) is one of the most economically important plant parasitic nematodes with wide host including potato (Solanum tuberosum). In order to investigate resistance of potato to the northern RKN, M. hapla, twenty-eight main potato cultivars and breeding materials in Heilongjiang Province with a pot experiment was conducted in greenhouse by randomized block design with five replications. M. hapla could be propagated on all materials with a reproduction factor ranging from 1.53 to 37.9. The reproduction factors of cultivars Baitouweng (2.41), Hui-2 (2.02), and Hongshen (1.53) were significantly different (P < 0.05) from those of Qingshu 3 (36.93) and 608Kennebec (37.9). The egg mass number per gram fresh root ranged from 26.6 (Baitouweng) to 217.4 (Kexin13). Cultivar Baitouweng was resistant one according to egg mass scale. The galling index ranged from 1.5 to 6.8. Three cultivars including Baitouweng (1.8), Hui-2 (1.5), andHongshen (2.2) were identified as resistance resources basedon galling index (GI). Overall, Baitouweng was confirmed as resistant cultivar, Hui-2 and Hongshen as tolerant ones to root-knot nematode, and the cultivars Qingshu3 and 608Kennebec as susceptible control.