结球甘蓝叶色（紫/绿）的遗传分析和基因定位

 【目的】明确结球甘蓝叶色（紫/绿）的遗传方式及其基因所位于的染色体。【方法】以普通结球甘蓝‘9601’及其系列初级三体为母本分别与紫甘蓝‘紫阳’杂交;结合形态学观察和染色体数目鉴定从各F1群体中选出三体（2n+1）植株进行测交;采用双体和三体遗传分析及χ2测验法对叶色基因进行染色体定位。【结果】双体遗传分析表明,结球甘蓝‘9601’和‘紫阳’的叶色（紫/绿）受2对独立遗传基因控制,紫红色对绿色为显性并表现加性效应;三体遗传分析显示,控制其叶色的两对基因分别位于3号和8号染色体上。【结论】结球甘蓝‘9601’和‘紫阳’的叶色（紫/绿）受2对独立遗传的基因控制并表现加性效应,两基因分别位于3和8号染色体。

Genetic Analysis and Gene Localization of Leaf Color (purple/green) in Heading Cabbage

Objective] The aim of the experiment is to clarify the inheritance pattern and the gene localization of leaf color in heading cabbage(Brassica oleracea L.) Method] The common heading cabbage '9601' with green color leaf and its trisomics were crossed with purple cabbage 'Ziyang' respectively by artificial castration and pollination. Next year, the trisomic plants (2n+l) were selected from each F_1 population by morphological observation and cytological identification and were crossed with the common cabbage '9601'. The inheritance pattern of leaf color and gene localization were conducted by disomic analysis and trisomic analysis and x~2 test. Result ] Disomic analysis showed that leaf color (purple/green)of the cabbage was controlled by two independent genes with addition effect, and the purple color was dominant to green color. Trisomic analysis indicated that two genes controlling the leaf color were on the chromosome 3 and chromosome 8, respectively. Conclusion ] The leaf color of the cabbage was determined by two independent genes, and located on the chromosome 3 and chromosome 8, respectively.