西瓜枯萎病生物防治的研究

通过分离纯化得到西瓜维管束内的镰刀菌8种,以尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)和茄病镰刀菌(F.solani)为优势种群。致病力测定结果表明:尖孢镰刀菌的FO-1菌株致病力最强,属于西瓜专化型病菌(F.oxysporum f.sp.niveum),FO-3菌株致病最弱,茄病镰刀菌的FS-1菌株致病力弱,FS-2菌株致病力较强,其余镰刀菌种的致病力弱或无致病力。用孢子浓度为10~6个/ml的FO-3、FS-1菌液分别注射接种2真叶期的西瓜苗,间隔不同时间后再接种强菌株FO-1,可减轻枯萎病的发生,其中以接种FS-1菌株5天后或接种FO-3菌株15天和再接种强菌株FO-1的交叉保护作用最明显。

STUDY ON THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WATERMELON FUSARIUM WILT

We have got eight species Fusarium in watermelon vascular bundle by the separation and purification.F.oxysporum and F.solani are the superior population. The results of pathogenicity indicated: FO—1 strain of F.oxysporum was the strongest pathogen, belonging to population of F. oxysporum f.sp.niveum. The pathogenic ability of FO—3 strain was the weakest. The pathogenic ability of the other Fusarium species were weak or non. The watermelon seedling were inoculated in 2-leaves period in 10~8/ml spore suspension of FO—3 or FS—1 strain, respectively. Then FO—1 strain was inoculated after different interval, 15 days after interval inoculating FO—3 strain and 5 days interval after inoculating FS—1 strain can produced the maximum crossprotection.