我国杨树杂交育种的现状和发展对策

在简要介绍了我国杨树资源并回顾了４０年来的杂交育种成就后，把我国杨树杂交育种过程划分成两个时期。第一个时期解决了北方杨树栽培的品种化问题，第二个时期在一定程序上用自己选育的无性系改变了黄河以南到长江中下游地区直接用引入无性系造林的现状。但由于两个时期是一个世代的短期育种活动，方法和程序上缺少改进，都把由种间杂种Ｆ１中选择无性系作为重点，加之基因资源有限，都存在推广无性系亲缘相近潜育的危险性，缺乏长

CURRENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL COUNTERMEASURAS OF POPLAR TREE HYBRIDIZATION BREEDING IN CHINA

The resources of poplar tree in China were introduced briefly,and the achievements in poplar tree hybridization breeding of China were reviewed.The process of hybridization breeding in this tree species is divided into twoperiods.The problem of breed variety for poplar cultivation in north parts of China was solved during the first period.The current situation of planting poplar trees with the exotic clones directly in the regions from the south of the Yellow River to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was changed during the second period. However,there still exist the dangers of the potential breeding in the spreading of the clones with the close relatives because of the two period of breeding activities within a same generation, andlack of the procedure and method to be improved in hybridization breeding during euch a short period,always taking the species hybrid F1 as the key of selecting clones,and the limitations of gene resources.The development of poplar breeding was stagnated as the plan was short of a combination of the long medium, and short period and the study on gene resources was not eno ugh.Therefore,it wad suggested that laying down the longterm plan.based on the natural conditions of a region and the demand for species,strengthe ning the introduction of poplar tree resources from abroad,and tranfering breeding focal point from individual rapid growing to multiple characters and all directions will be the heart of the Chinese.poplar breeding in.the future.