上海霾的影响因素与特征

利用2009年12月~2010年11月的上海气象资料、颗粒物资料和后向轨迹聚类分析方法对在此期间的霾日进行统计分析。结果表明,上海霾发生时多盛行由内陆而来的西南和西北气流,且各季有所不同,夏季以西南气流为主,春季比较平均,秋、冬季节则以西北气流为主;较高的相对湿度和较小的风速有利于霾的形成;上海霾的发生受到当地和外部输送两方面因素影响,其中以当地影响为主;细颗粒物对霾发生的贡献很大,上海绝大部分的霾日中,PM2.5/PM10的比值均达0.5以上;上海霾的产生可能与机动车尾气排放有比较密切的关系。

Influencing Factors and Characteristics of Haze in Shanghai

Meteorological references of Shanghai from December 2009 to November 2010, particles data and backward trajectory cluster analysis method were used to make statistic analysis. The results showed that, haze in Shanghai always occurs with south-west and north-west current from interior regions as prevailing wind and differs by seasons, while south-west current occurs mainly in summer and north-west current occurs in autumn and winter. Higher relative humidity and smaller wind velocity is benefit to haze. Haze in Shanghai is affected by 2 factors including local and external, during which local factor plays the main role. Fine particles distribute a lot to haze generation, while mainly days with haze occurring, PM2.5/PM10 is bigger than 0.5. Possibility is that, haze in Shanghai has close relations to vehicles emissions.