水稻漂浮湿地生产特性及其除氮效能研究

[目的]研究新型水稻漂浮湿地(Lake-based Rice Floating Wetland,LRFW)在富营养化水体处理中的应用。[方法]以水稻为浮床植物,开展控制试验,研究水稻种植床的除氮能力和水稻增产能力,并与聚苯乙烯泡沫浮床(Polystyrene Foam Floating Bed,PFFB)进行比较。[结果]LRFW和PFFB的稻米产量分别为1.14 kg/m2和0.60 kg/m2。LRFW的有效分蘖数、单株地上生物量、地上地下生物量比与PFFB间均无显著差异,但是,单株穗重显著高于PFFB。经过72 d的运行,LRFW总氮去除率为40.2%,总氮去除负荷为53.44mg/(m2·d),约为PFFB的2倍。在LRFW系统中,由植物和床体去除的氮分别占去除总量的61.29%和38.71%,而在PFFB系统则分别为87.31%和12.69%。[结论]LRFW无论在水稻生产还是除氮效能方面均优于泡沫浮床。

Study on the Rice Production Properties and Nitrogen Removal Efficiency of Rice Floating Wetland

[ Objective ] The research aimed to study on the application of lake-based rice floating wetland （LRFW） in the treatment of eutrophic body of water. [ Method ] Taken rice as floating floor plant,the control test was carried out to investigate the nitrogen removal efficiency and rice yield increasing capacity of LRFW and polystyrene foam floating bed （PFFB）. [ Result ] The results showed that the rice yields of LRFW and PFFB were 1.14 kg/m2 and 0.60 kg/m2 ,respectively. There were no significant difference between LRFW and PFFB represented by active till- ers, above-ground biomass per individual and ratio of above to below-ground biomass. However, ear biomass per individual in LRFW was higher than that in PFFB significantly. After working 72 d ,total nitrogen removal efficiency and total nitrogen removal load in LRFW were 40.2% and 53.44 mg/（m2 · d） ,respectively,which were twice as much as that in PFFB. The nitrogen removal proportions by rice plant and bed were 61.29% and 38.71% in LRFW and were 87.31% and 12.69% in PFFB, respectively. [ Conclusion ] Rice production and nitrogen removal effi- ciency of LRFW were higher than that of PFFB.