水肥调控对烟草产量和品质的影响

目的]为了有效提高攀西特色烟叶区烟叶的产量和品质。方法]在攀西特色烟叶区,采用随机区组试验设计,通过田间试验研究了水肥调控对烟叶产量和品质的影响。结果]在不计肥料成本的情况下增施钾肥能够提高烟叶产量和产值,但是烟叶化学成分不协调,品质不优;滴灌能够有效改善烟株农艺性状,促进烟叶生长,提高烟叶产量,有效提高上、中等烟比例,从而提高烟叶产量和产值,以大面积施肥+滴灌的C处理烟叶农艺性状最优,上中下等烟叶比例最协调,上部和中部烟叶糖含量较适宜,烟碱含量较低,烟叶产量和品质较协调;其次是常规施肥+钾肥分次追施+滴灌的D处理烟叶产量和产值较高,下部叶片糖含量较适宜,烟碱含量较低。结论]在大面积施肥的基础上增加滴灌处理,是最适宜该区的栽培措施,值得推广。

Influence of Water-fertilizer Regulation on Yield and Quality of Tobacco

Objective] The research aimed to effectively improve the yield and quality of tobacco in Panxi characteristic tobacco district.Method] In Panxi characteristic tobacco area,by using randomized block experimental design,field experiment was carried out to study the effect of water-nutrient controlling on yield and quality of tobacco.Result] The tobacco yield and the output value were increased by increasing potassium in the case of fertilizer cost,but the chemical compositions of tobacco wasn＇t harmonious,the quality wasn＇t optimal.Dripping irrigation could effectiyely improve the economical character of tobacco,promote the growth of tobacco,improve the tobacco yield,and increase the proportion of medium and superior tobacco,thereby increase the output and yield of tobacco.The tobacco economical character,yield and the proportion of superior,medium and inferior tobacco were the best by C treatment （fertilize ＋ drip irrigation）.The next one was D treatment （conventionality fertilize ＋ gradation additional kalium ＋ drip irrigation）.The tobacco yield and output value were relatively high,and underneath sugar and nicotine content were relatively appropriate.Conclusion] Conventional fertilize ＋ drip irrigation was the best cultivation measure,which was worth for spreading.