中国节能型日光温室建筑与环境研究进展

综述了近几年来中国节能型日光温室的产生与演化发展概况,详述了该类温室在建筑结构、光热环境和气候适应性等方面的研究进展与取得的一系列成果,提出了今后进一步加强研究的方向。

Advance of the Research on the Architecture and Environment of the Chinese Energe-Saving Sunlight Greenhouse

The Chinese energy-saving sunlight greenhouse is a type of hoticultural facility. Its energy resource only (sometimes mainly) comes from solar radiation. But in the past,the air temperature inside satisfies the growth of the cold-resistant green vegetables only, such as celery, Chinese chive, etc, in the severe winter. It can't be utilized to cultivate the pro-warm fruit vegetables, such as cucumber , tomato, etc.Since the mid-1980s, people completely improved the construction structure, such as increasing the slope of transparent light roof and optimizing its arch type to raise the amount of the solar radiation inside, windening the wall body and utilizing the compound wall body made of different materials (from inner to outer.brick-pearlite or coal cinder-brick) instead of single material wall body. All these have created an ideal micrometeorological environment for the growth of pro-warm vegetables , and gained better economic results. Combined with the local meteorological observed data, the inside room light may reach 20000-30000 1x, Under the condition of the lowest air temperature of the outside room - 13～-14℃, the lowest room temperature may maintain more than10℃.During the daytime, when its sunny, the. highest room temperature, in general , is over 25℃, even higher than 30℃. During the whole day, the duration of room air temperature over 25℃ may 2. 5～3. 0 hours and its longest duration last 5 hours in winter.This essay discusses some problems on Chinese energy-saving sunlight greenhouse from theoretic point of view. That is the condition of heat and light enviromment, architecture structure, environment control, etc. It also discusses the problem of climate adaptation in China.