活化磷肥的磷素释放特性、肥效及活化机理研究

 【目的】探讨活化磷肥的磷素动态释放特性、分子结构及活化材料与磷矿粉之间的作用和肥效。【方法】采用连续浸提、红外光谱分析仪、差热热重联用仪和盆栽试验。【结果】连续浸提表明，两种活化磷肥连续6次水溶性磷的累积释放量是磷矿粉的3.29、3.59倍；活化磷肥的红外光谱、差热分析结果表明，活化材料与磷矿粉之间发生化学作用，而且活化磷肥中H2PO4－特征吸收谱加强，并出现新的H2PO4－特征吸收谱，使磷矿粉中的磷向有效状态转变；盆栽试验结果表明，两种活化磷肥的磷肥利用率、玉米生物量显著高于磷矿粉，甚至高于过磷酸钙。【结论】与磷矿粉相比，活化磷肥的水溶性磷含量、生物量和磷肥利用率均显著提高。

Study on Release Characteristics, Fertilizer Effect and Activated Mechanism of Activated Phosphoric Fertilizers

【Objective】In order to analyse the dynamic water-soluble phosphorus releasing characteristic of two kinds of activated phosphorus fertilizers,Molecule structure and the function in activating materials and phosphate rock , the efficiency of phosphorus.【Method】Adopting successional extracting, Infrared Absorption Spectrum and Differential thermal ananlysis and pot experiment.【Result】The six accumulative releasing rate of the dynamic water-soluble phosphorus of the two kinds of activated phosphorus fertilizers were phosphate rock’s 3.29 and 3.59 times; the results of Infrared Absorption Spectrum and Differential thermal ananlysis indicated chemistry happened in activating materials and phosphate rock , strengthened H2PO4－ character absorption spectrum and new H2PO4－ character absorption spectrum appeared , maked phosphorus in phosphate rock translated to effective state; the results of pot trait indicated phosphorus fertilizer’ utilizer rate of the two kinds of activated phosphorus fertilizers was obviously higher than phosphate rock’s ,even higer than superphosphate.【Conclusion】compared to phosphate rock, the water-soluble phosphorus content, biomass and P use efficiency of activated phosphorus fertilizers significantly increased.