莲缢管蚜生物学与种群消长规律的研究

莲缢管蚜是水生经济植物与核果类果树上的主要害虫,在江苏为全周期型。秋季,雌性蚜虫在冬寄主核果类果树上产卵。夏寄主有慈姑、莲藕、菱角、芡实、绿萍等水生经济植物。调查结果表明:北纬30°以南广大地区主要以胎生雌蚜过冬,营孤雌生殖,为不全周期型。莲缢管蚜全年可完成27—29代,无翅胎生雌蚜的寿命、产卵量与温湿度有关。23—27℃、相对湿度为81—92％时,有利于成蚜的生长和繁殖,每头成蚜平均产蚜67头,成蚜寿命9.7—10.4天。莲缢管蚜种群动态全年出现3个高峰,分别为4月下旬至5月初;6月下旬至7月上旬;8月下旬至9月中旬。主要天敌有:长突毛瓢虫、中华草蛉、食蚜肓蝽、黑带食蚜蝇等,对种群有一定的抑制作用。

STUDIES ON THE BIOLOGY AND POPULATION DYNAMICS OF WATERLILY APHID

The life cycle of waterlily aphid Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae (L.),one of the important insect pests on economic aquatic plants (the sum-mer hosts) and drupaceous trees (the winter hosts),is holocyclic type.The oviparous female lays eggs on winter hosts;its summer hosts con-sist of arrowheadm lotus,water chestnut,gorgan fruit,and duckweed,etc.A preliminary investigation showed that the viviparae overwinterin parthenogenetic way in a broad area south of thirty degree north lati-tide,and turn into anholocyclic type.Its life history,bionomics,andnatural enemies were reported.