何首乌不同种源的叶性状变异及聚类分析

目的]研究何首乌不同种源的叶性状变异情况,并对不同种源何首乌进行聚类,为何首乌良种分类、鉴定、选育和快速繁殖育苗提供依据。方法]对何首乌在全国主要分布区的31个种质资源的叶形态性状进行测定,分析不同产地何首乌叶片的遗传变异。结果]供试何首乌种源内各单株叶性状较为稳定,变异主要来源于单叶面积、叶片中宽、叶宽等指标;种源间叶各性状变异明显,变异主要来源于单叶干重、叶片面积、叶片中宽、叶长等指标。对何首乌叶各性状间的相关关系研究表明,单叶面积和单叶干重均与叶长、叶片中宽、叶宽、叶厚、叶柄长呈极显著正相关,而与WWR（叶宽与叶长1/2处宽度之比）、LWR（叶长与叶长1/2处宽度之比）呈显著负相关,此外叶长、叶片中宽、叶宽、叶柄长这几个直观的叶性状指标相互之间呈极显著正相关。主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分的累积方差贡献率高达97.4%,能够较准确反映何首乌种源叶性状的综合表现。聚类分析结果表明,供试31个何首乌种源。划分为3大类群。第一类群地理区域为贵州中部、西部和相邻的广西西北部及西部高海拔地区;第二类群地理区域为湖南、湖北、四川、广东及广西的大部分地区;第三类群地理区域为安徽、江苏、河南及山东。结论]叶性状的聚类分析表明地理位置靠近的种源能聚在一起。该研究为何首乌的品种分类提供了一定依据。

Variation and Cluster Analysis on Leaf Characters from Different Provenance Sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb

Objective] The aim was to study the variation of leaf characters from different provenance sources of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb,as well as to carry out cluster analysis on P.multiflorum from different provenance sources to provide basis for the classification,identification,breeding and improved variety selection of P.multiflorum.Method] Leaf shape characters of 31 copies of germplasm resources in the major distribution region of the whole country were determined,and the genetic variation of P.multiflorum leaves from different producing areas was analyzed.Result] The leaf characters of single plant of the same experimental provenance source of P.multiflorum were relatively stable,the variation was mainly found on the single leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf width and other indicators;the variation of each leaf character among different provenance sources was obvious,and the variation was mainly found on the single leaf weight,leaf area,1/2 leaf width,leaf length and other indicators.The correlation analysis of each leaf character in P.multiflorum suggested that the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed extremely significant positive correlation with leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf thickness and leaf stem length,while the single leaf area and single leaf weight showed significant negative correlation with WWR（leaf width/1/2 leaf width）and LWR（leaf length/1/2 leaf length）,in addition,several macroscopic leaf characters such as leaf length,1/2 leaf width,leaf width,leaf stem length showed extremely positive correlation.The main component analysis result suggested that the contribution rate of accumulation variance of the front three main components was up to 97.4%,which could better reflect the comprehensive performance of leaf characters of different provenance sources of P.multiflorum.The cluster analysis showed that the experimental 31 copies of P.multiflorum provenance sources should be divided into three classes,the first class was distributed in the Middle,Western of Guizhou,northwestern of Guangxi and western areas with higher altitude;the second class was distributed in Hunan,Hubei,Sichuan,Guangdong and the most area of Guangxi;the third class was distributed in Anhui,Jiangsu and Henan and Shandong.Conclusion] Cluster analysis of leaf characters indicated that the kinds of provenance sources which the geographical position was closer could be got together.The study had provided a certain basis for the classification of P.multiflorum.