不同NPK配置对强筋小麦群体生物量与产量的效应研究

在关中川道灌区以强筋小麦陕253为材料,研究了不同NPK配置对其不同生育期生物产量、群体数量和产量的效应,结果表明提高施肥量可显著增加生物产量、群体数量及产量,处理平均值分别比常规处理增加11.9%~43.6%、4.1%~17.4%和8.3%,其最佳N、P、K配置依次为N135kg hm-2,P2O5和K2O各120kg hm-2、N135kg hm-2,P2O5225kghm-2,K2O120kg hm-2和N225kg hm-2,P2O5和K2O各120kg hm-2。在目前常规投肥水平下适度增加钾肥有利于生物产量的显著提高,增加磷肥和钾肥有利于群体数量的提高,增施氮钾肥有显著的增产效果。产量的最佳NPK配比较常规处理增产19.1%,其增加养分的平均产量4.44 kg kg-1,比各处理平均养分产量高1.6倍。

Effects of Fertilizer on Population Biomass and Yield of Strong-Gluten Wheat

The effects of the management of N,P and K on yield of biomass,population quantity and yield of grain of strong gluten wheat in irrigated district of Wei river were studied.The results showed that fertilizer application could change the dry matter accumulation,population quantity and yield of wheat remarkably.The average value of all treatments increased 11.9%-43.6%,4.1%-17.4% and 8.3% respectively.The best treatment was N135kg hm~(-2),P_2O_5 120kg hm~(-2)and K_2O120kg hm~(-2) on the yield of biomass and,it was N135kg hm~(-2),P_2O_5 225kg hm~(-2)and K_2O120kg hm~(-2) on the population quantity,and it was N225kg hm~(-2),P_2O_5 120kg hm~(-2)and K_2O120kg hm~(-2) on the yield of grain of wheat.Under the field level of N and P fertilizer,adding K fertilizer was favorable to the biomass accumulation,adding P,K fertilizer was favorable to population quantity increase and adding K fertilizer was favorable to yield increase.The yield of the best treatment was increased 19.1% then common.The yield of adding effect fertilizer is 4.44kg kg~(-1) and it is 1.6 times of average value of all treatments.