轴流式果园喷雾机风送系统优化设计与试验

针对传统风送式喷雾机风送距离短与药液浪费的问题，设计一种适用于传统果园喷雾机的轴流式风送系统。通过设置不同风筒导叶的安装角、数量、长度和锥形多出口装置的锥度、出口布局方式，进一步引导风送系统气流场，并建立相对应的气流场分布模型。通过对比选取风送系统的最佳优化设计方案，并开展了验证试验。试验结果表明，风筒导叶参数对出口风速影响的显著性由大到小为长度、安装角、数量，锥形多出口装置出口布局方式对出口风速的提升效果明显；当风筒导叶安装角为10°,数量为6,长度为20 cm,且锥形多出口装置锥度为2.25、出口布局为A型时，风送系统出口风速及均匀性达到最优，所建立的模型出口风速与试验值相对误差为4.66%和变异系数为3.63%,验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性。在此基础上，通过喷雾机外流场试验可得，射流边界范围随着出口直径和转速的增加而增大，风送距离也随之增大，当风送距离0～2 m,风速大于5 m/s,衰减幅度明显，当风送距离大于2 m时，气流衰减较为平缓，风速距离4 m处风速达到1.5 m/s左右。优化后轴流式果园喷雾机风送系统结构合理，气流均匀性、风速、边界和射程等方面均满足果园植保机械需求，研究...

Optimized Design and Performance Test of Axial Flow Orchard Sprayer Air Delivery System

Aiming at the problems of short air delivery distance and chemical waste of traditional air-driven sprayers, an axial-flow air-delivery system suitable for traditional orchard sprayers was designed. By setting the installation angle, quantity, length of different air duct guide vanes, taper and outlet layout of the conical multi-outlet device, the airflow field of the air delivery system was further guided, and the corresponding airflow field distribution model was established. The best optimal design scheme of the air delivery system was selected by comparison, and a verification test was carried out. The research results showed that the influence of the parameters of the fan guide vanes on the outlet wind speed was significant from large to small as the length, installation angle, and quantity. When the angle was 10°, the number was 6, the length was 20cm, the taper of the conical multi-outlet device was 2.25, and the outlet layout was type A, the uniformity and size of the outlet wind speed of the air delivery system were the best. The relative errors was 4.66% and coefficients of variation of the experimental values was 3.63%, which verified the reliability of the numerical simulation results. On this basis, through the external flow field test of the sprayer, it could be seen that the boundary range of the jet was increased with the increase of outlet diameter and rotation speed, and the air delivery distance was also increased. At the wind delivery distance of 0~2m, the wind speed was above 5m/s and the attenuation range was obvious, when the air delivery distance was greater than 2m, the attenuation of the airflow was relatively gentle, and the wind speed at 4m reached about 1.5m/s. After optimization, the air delivery system of the axial-flow orchard sprayer had a reasonable structure, and it could meet the needs of orchard plant protection machinery in terms of wind speed uniformity, size, boundary and range.