不同通气方式对马铃薯根际通气状况和生长的影响

采用槽栽方法,以根际全基质栽培为对照(CK),研究了根际自然扩散通气处理(T1)、根际管通气处理(T2)和根际两端通气处理(T3)对大田马铃薯植株生长的影响,并在全生育期测定了植株根际CO2与O2浓度变化。结果表明,在整个生育期,块茎膨大期马铃薯植株根际CO2浓度最高,变化幅度最大;在不同处理之间,根际CO2浓度CK>T1处理>T2处理>T3处理。同时,根际O2浓度与CO2浓度变化趋势相反,且变化幅度很小。T2处理和T3处理马铃薯植株各个生育指标比较接近,均大于对照和T1处理,其中T2处理马铃薯植株的株高、茎粗、生物量和块茎产量均与对照达到显著差异水平。说明根际CO2浓度过度富积可能是影响马铃薯生长的重要因素,增加根际通气性,降低根际CO2浓度,对大田马铃薯植株生长和产量提高有促进作用。

Measurement of Rhiszospheric CO2 and O2 Concentrations of Potato Plant in the Field and the Responses to Different Rhizospheric Ventilation Treatments

By the method of the groove culture,four types of the rhizospheric ventilation treatments,that is,the rhizospheric natural diffusion ventilation treatment(T1),the rhizospheric tube ventilation treatment(T2),the rhizospheric double end ventilation treatment(T3) and the whole substrate culture(CK),were investigated in terms of their effects on the growth of potato plant in the field.CO2 and O2 concentrations in the rhizosphere were measured during the whole growth period.The results show that there is the highest rhiszospheric CO2 concentration at the tuber expansion period in the whole growth period,then,among the different treatments,rhiszospheric CO2 concentration of T3 treatment is the lowest,on the contrary,which of CK treatment is the highest.At the same time,rhiszospheric O2 concentrations have an opposite change trend and a small change extent compared with CO2 concentrations.In addition,T2 treatment has a significant increase in the height,stem width,leaf area and the tuber content of potato plant compared with CK.The results indicate that rhiszospheric over-enrich-CO2 is possibly an important reason to influence the growth of potato plant,then increasing the rhizospheric ventilation and decreasing the rhizospheric CO2 concentration could improve the growth and yield of potato plant.