水稻旱作对籽粒灌浆特性和物质积累的影响

选用汕优63水稻,在旱作条件下,研究水稻灌浆特性和干物质积累和分配.覆膜旱作(T1)和露地旱作(T2)生育期和有效分蘖终止期较常规水作(CK)延迟,籽粒最大干重到达时间提前,T1、T2以强势粒灌浆为主,弱势粒很少灌浆,CK灌浆强势粒和弱势粒并重.抽穗前对干物质积累、运转和分配影响不大,生育后期有较大抑制作用,不同处理各器官干物质分配比例大小不同.单株有效分蘖数虽较常规水作有所增加,但分蘖成穗率、每穗粒数、结实率和千粒重均降低,导致产量降低.旱作汕优63应该采取适当的栽培管理措施促进弱势粒的灌浆并提高其结实率.

Effect of dry cultivation of Shanyou 63 on the grain filling characteristics and dry matter accumulation

The grain filling characteristics and dry matter accumulation of dry cultivation rice were studied.The time of maximum grain fresh weight of dry cultivation rice(T1 and T2) were ahead of paddy field cultivation rice(CK),the dry cultivation rice led to a shortened filling duration.The grain filling characteristics indicated that the strong tendency grain played an important role in grain filling of T1 and T2,and both the strong tendency and the weak tendency grains played important roles in grain filling of CK.The weak tendency grain of T1 and T2 almost did not contribute to the grain filling and grain weight.It indicated that the lower grain yield of dry cultivation rice was caused by the lacking grain filling of the weak tendency grain.Some cultivation and irrigation method should be carried out to enhance the weak tendency grain filling and the filling spike rate.