水盐调控措施对苏北海涂油葵生长及土壤盐分分布的影响

为揭示苏北滨海盐碱地水盐调控措施下油葵生长特点及土壤盐分变化规律,通过田间小区试验的方法,研究了不同含盐量的滨海盐土上不同改良措施对油葵生长状况、产量形成及土壤盐分动态的影响。结果表明,轻度盐渍化土壤施用石膏处理的油葵生物量、产量和土壤脱盐率最高,中重度盐渍土施用石膏和覆盖秸秆综合调控措施的油葵生物量、产量和土壤脱盐率最高;生育期内0～20cm土壤盐分是影响油葵产量的首要因素,施用石膏和覆盖秸秆通过影响0～20cm土壤盐分分布,进而影响油葵的生长与产量;采用施用石膏和覆盖秸秆相结合的水盐综合调控措施,兼具雨季增强淋盐和旱季控盐效果,且在中重度盐渍土应用效果优于轻度盐渍土。

Effect of Soil Salt-water Management on Helianthus Growth and Salinity Distribution Characteristics of Coastal Saline Soil in North Jiangsu Province

To illustrate the helianthus(G101B) growth characteristic and soil salinity change regularity under soil salt-water manegement measures in coastal saline region of north Jiangsu province,field plot experiments were applied to study the effects of various management measures on halianthus growth,yield and soil salinity distribution of the coastal saline soil at diverse salinity.Results indicated that helianthus biomass,seed yield and soil desalination rate were the highest for the treatment of gypsum application in low salinized soil,while those were the highest for the compositive treatment of gypsum application and straw mulch in medium and high salinized soil.Soil salinity at 0-20 cm layer was the predominant influence factor to helianthus yield during the growth period;gypsum application and straw mulch had effects on helianthus growth and seed yield througn their influence on soil salinity distribution at 0-20 cm layer.Compositive salt-water management measure of gypsum application plus straw mulch could enhance salt leaching in rain season and control salt accumulation in drought season,and its application effect in medium and high salinized soil was better than that in low salinized soil.