葡萄与番茄宏观力学特性参数的确定

通过对葡萄与番茄的压缩试验，测得其力—位移曲线，得出在相同加载速率下，不同硬度的葡萄与番茄在横、纵向压缩时的力学特性及刚度与变形之间的关系。并对果皮进行了横、纵向的拉伸试验，得到了皮的弹性模量与应变之间的关系，确定了以果品表皮破裂作为机械损伤的形式，用果皮的破坏强度衡量葡萄与番茄的损伤,为建立葡萄与番茄的力学模型及设计有关的机械设备提供力学参数。

Determination of macromechanic parameters of grapes and tomatoes

The force-deformation curve was measured by the compression test of tomatoes and grapes. The mechanic characteristics of grapes and tomatoes under different stiffness and the relationships between stiffness and deformation when compressed from both transversal and longitudinal were gained under the circumstance of the same loading rates. The fruit skin tensile test from both transversal and longitudinal were carried out and the relationships between elastic modulus and strains were determined. Taking the crack of fruit skins as the form of mechanic damnification and using breaking strength to measure the damage, the mechanical parameters for establishing mechanical models and designing relevant devices for grapes and tomatoes were presented.