我国水产业发展水平综合评价及对策探讨——基于国内发展和对外贸易的视角

目的]对我国水产养殖业发展水平进行综合评价和相关对策探讨。方法]分析了我国水产业发展的现状,并从水产业发展水平、国际竞争力和出口水平3个方面建立了评价指标体系,采用主成分分析法对我国水产业发展水平进行综合评价。最后从政府、质量监管部门、渔业行会、生产和加工企业等角度提出相关对策及建议。结果]我国水产业总体发展水平处于上升趋势,但仍存在药物残留超标、超水体负荷养殖、产品附加值低以及名优特品种较少等问题。针对上述问题,政府应加大对水产业的扶持力度,增强产业竞争力,以进一步推动国际竞争力的提升;相关质量监管部门应加强水产品质量监督和管理,积极防范各种技术性贸易壁垒的冲击;渔业行会以及各种渔业研究机构应加强对水产品养殖和加工的技术支持;水产品生产和加工企业应更多地依赖于科学技术的指导。结论]该研究结果为推动我国水产业发展提供了参考依据。

A Comprehensive Evaluation and Countermeasures of Aquaculture Development in China Based on Its Domestic Development and Foreign Trade

Objective] The aim was to make a comprehensive evaluation and explore strategies on aquaculture development.Method] Aquaculture development in China was analyzed and concerning evaluation system was established based on its development stage,international competiveness and exportation.In addition,a comprehensive evaluation was made on aquaculture and countermeasures were proposed considering from government,department of quality control,fishery guild,producing and processing enterprises.Result] Although progresses have been made in aquaculture in China,some problems still exist,such as overdose of drug residues,overloading breeding,lower additional value of products,and fewer excellent and famous products.Hence,local governments should give much support to aquaculture and enhance competitiveness to improve the products in global market;departments of quality control should strengthen supervision and management on aquaculture products against technical trade barriers;fishery guilds or researching institutions should provide technical support for concerning breeding and processing which should be mainly relied on science and technology.Conclusion] The research provided references for aquaculture development.