云南多花蒿挥发油化学成分及抑菌活性研究

目的]研究云南多花蒿鲜嫩枝叶挥发油的化学成分及抑菌活性。方法]用水蒸气蒸馏法萃取多花蒿鲜嫩枝叶中的挥发油成分,以气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法分离鉴定其化学成分,并以金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)为供试菌,研究其化学成分的抑菌活性。结果]测得挥发油收率为0.16%;采用GC-MS分离出42个主要成分,并鉴定了22个组分,占挥发性化学成分总含量的66.1%(面积归一化法)。挥发油主要成分有:桉叶二烯(9.5%)、(E)-2-己烯-1-醇(7.8%)、4,11,11-三甲基-8-亚甲基双环7.2.0]十一碳-4-烯(5.7%)、石竹烯(3.8%)、α-石竹烯(3.0%)、石竹烯氧化物(2.1%)和(+)-α-松油醇(2.1%)等。挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌效果明显,对枯草芽孢杆菌有一定的抑菌效果。结论]云南多花蒿鲜嫩枝叶挥发油含量较高,化学成分结构丰富,香气宜人,且具有明显的抑菌活性,极具研究与开发价值。

Study on Chemical Constituent of the Essential Oil from Artemisia myriantha Wall.ex Bess by GC-MS and Its Antibacterial Activity

Objective] To study the chemical constituent of the essential oil from Artemisia myriantha Wall.ex Bess and its antibacterial activity.Method] Steam distillation was employed to extract volatile compounds of essential oil from Artemisia myriantha Wall.ex Bess.Volati1e compounds of essential oil were isolated and identified successful1y by capil1ary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureu,Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli was studied.Result] The yield of essential oil was measured to be 0.16%;22 components among the 42 separated constituents were identified,accounting for 66.1% of the total amounts.It was found out that the main components were eudesma-4(14),11-diene(9.5%),(E)-2-hexen-1-ol(7.8%),4,11,11 – trimethyl-8-methylene-Bicyclo undec-4-ene(5.7%),caryophyllene(3.8%),α-caryophyllene(3.0%),caryophyllene oxide(2.1%),and(+)-α-terpineol(2.1%).The essential oil showed obvious antibacterial activity against S.aureus and E.coli,and little antibacterial activity against B.subtilis.Conclusion]A.myriantha contains a large amount of essential oil,which has diverse chemical structures and pleasant aroma with obvious antibacterial activity,thus the essential oil is of great research and development values.