紫山药对生长中大鼠营养生理功能的影响

[目的]观察紫山药(Dioscorea alata L.)对大鼠营养生理功能的影响。[方法]生长期SD大鼠40只随机分为4组,每组10只,饲喂添加了10%山药熟粉的人工半合成饲料,以酪蛋白组作为对照组,3个试验组分别为紫山药组、铁棍山药组和普通怀山药组。各组饲料的能量、蛋白质、脂肪含量均保持一致。采用对喂法喂养60 d,观察有关营养生理指标的变化。[结果]紫山药组大鼠体重、食物转化率及脏器指数均与对照组无显著差异。平均血红蛋白显著低于对照组,但血红蛋白含量与对照组无差异;嗜酸性粒细胞低于对照组。紫山药组大鼠低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、总胆固醇(TC)和致动脉硬化指数(AI)低于其他3个组,而抗动脉硬化指数(AAI)最高,但无显著差异。甘油三酯(TG)低于对照组。抗氧化指标中,紫山药组大鼠血清中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性都高于对照组,丙二醛(MDA)含量低于对照组。肝组织中,紫山药组大鼠总抗氧化能力、CAT、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、SOD活性都高于对照组,而MDA含量低于对照组。[结论]紫山药具有降低大鼠血糖、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、MDA含量,提高GSH-Px、SOD、CAT活性的趋势,具有一定的抗氧化作用。

Effects of Purple Dioscorea alata on Nutritional Physiological Functions of Rats

[Objective] To investigate the nutritional physiological functions of purple Dioscorea alata.[Method] 40 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups,the casein added group(CK),the purple D.alata(PY) group,the Tiegun yam(TY) group and the common yam(HY) group,10 of each.The control group was fed with normal semi-synthetic diets.The other three groups’ diets were prepared by adding 10% boiled yam powder respectively into normal semi-synthetic diets.The four kinds of diets were the same in energy,protein and fat.All rats were pair-fed 60 days to observe changes of their nutritional physiological indexes.[Result] The body weight,food transform rate and organ index of PY group was of no significant difference from the control group.Serum LDL,TC and AI level of PY was the lowest in the four groups,while the AAI level was the highest,but without no significant difference.Serum TG of PY was lower than that of the control group.Activities of serum T-AOC,CAT,SOD of PY were higher than that of control group,while the content of MDA was lower than the control group.In liver tissue,the activities of T-AOC,CAT,GSH-Px,SOD of PY were all higher than that of the control group and the content of MDA was lower than the control group.[Conclusion] The purple D.alata had the trend effect of decreasing the content of glucose,TC,TG,MDA and increasing the activities of CAT,GSH-Px and SOD.The purple D.alata in this experiment showed antioxidant effect.