城市污染河道浮游生物和底栖动物变异多元分析

采集珠江三角洲典型城市污染河道—佛山水道浮游植物、浮游动物,采用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、多元分析中的聚类分析法和非度量多维标度排序(Non-matric Multi-dimentional Scaling,MDS)分析法对生物数据进行分析,同步采集底泥样品,测定了Pb、Cd、Hg、Cr、As、Cu、Ni、Zn和间隙水CODCr、NH3-N,在此基础上,运用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对生态危害进行评价;并以底泥理化监测数据和潜在生态危害指数法评价结果为评判标准,将Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分析结果与多元分析结果进行比较,探讨适用于重污染区域生物监测数据分析的方法。结果表明,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分析结果不能有效地反映重污染区域污染状况差异,其分析结果与实际污染状况有较大差距;尽管存在一些问题,在城市重污染河道生物监测结果分析方面,多元分析方法优于Shannon-Wiener多样性指数法。

Multivariate Analysis of the Community Structure Variation of Plankton and Macrobenthos in a Municipal Polluted River

The phytoplankton,zooplankton and macrobenthos samples of Foshan Waterway,which is a typical municipal polluted river in Pearl River Delta,have been gathered and analyzed with Shannon-Wiener diversity index and multivariate analysis including cluster analysis and MDS(Non-matric Multi-dimentional Scaling)analysis.The sediment samples were gathered at the same time in the same sites.The analytical items include Pb,Cd,Hg,Cr,As,Cu,Ni,Zn in sediment and CODCr,NH3-N in pore water.Based on the monitoring pollution indexes,Hakanson potential ecological risk index has been used to access the ecological risk of Foshan Waterway.The analysis results of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and multivariate analysis were then compared with the results of Hakanson potential ecological risk index and the monitoring pollution indexes as the criteria with a view to exploring the appropriate way to analyze the biologic data of heavily polluted area.The results show that the analysis result of Shannon-Wiener diversity index can’t reflect effectively the discrepancy of different sites in seriously polluted area and the results have great disparity to the actual pollution status.Although there are some problems,the multivariate analysis is better than Shannon-Wiener diversity index as far as the analysis of the biologic date of heavily polluted area is concerned.