NMU化学诱变剂对早籼稻性状改良的初步研究

通过对NMU化学诱变剂诱变的11个早籼稻品种的主要经济性状的分析,得出:NMU对株高等主要经济性状均有诱变作用,但对不同性状的效果不同。株高的变异幅度最大,其次是单株谷重,播始历期的变异幅度最小;NMU诱变具有一定的方向性和专一性,11个品种中,播始历期缩短和穗粒数增加的机率较大,千粒重增大、结实率提高以及单株谷重的增加也有一定的可能性;NMU诱变还具有高效性,能够将早熟、高产及优质有机地结合到一起,解决了常规育种方法难以达到的目标;NMU诱变也具有特异性,例如在早籼26后代中出现了糯性变异株系。竹青的诱变后代出现了外观品质较优的株系。此外,还可以获得一些诸如常绿等特异型种质资源。说明:NMU化学诱变剂及这项诱变技术用于水稻育种及品种改良是十分有效的。

Preliminary research on the NMU chemistry lures improvement in the properties of the early Indica season rice

By the analyses of the main properties of 11 early Indica season rice varietieses lured by the NMU chemistry. It shows that NMU lures have some effect on main properties of the plant-height etc changing, but the results to different properties are different. The range of plant-height variation is the biggest, the secondary is the weight of single plant, it is minimum from sowing to heading. NMU lure have some qualities of certain directionality and single-minded. Among the 11 varieties, the chance of the duration shorten from sowing to heading and the increase of the number of the spikeletes per panical are bigger, and the raise of the 1000-grain weight, the rates of seed settting and the weight of single plant there is certain possibility too again; NMU lure has a high-efficient quality, it can combine the early-maturing, high yield and high quality organicly, it have solved the goal of the method of breeding of the routine difficult to reach; NMU has also peculiar quality , for example the glutinous variation appears in the later generation of Zaoxian 26. The later generation of Zhuqing has presented the appearance with relatively excellent quality. In addition, some peculiar variation type such as stay-green can also be gotten. It can be concluded: NMU and the lure technology become more effectively in the breeding and the improvement of rice varietieses.