漠河古莲机场植物群落多样性及对鸟类活动影响

机场鸟击事件的发生是影响飞机飞行安全的重要因素之一,机场内的植物群落多样性会直接或间接的影响鸟类群落。采用样方法和踏查法对机场植物进行调查,采用样线法和样点法对机场鸟类进行调查。共观察到植物3652株,隶属于69种25科,其中优势植物25种,观察到植食性鸟类2科3种,杂食性鸟类8科12种。经分析得出,针叶林的多样性指数、均匀度指数以及优势度指数最高。漠河古莲机场内植物种类丰富、群落类型多样并生长情况较好,为鸟类提供了良好的食源和栖息环境,影响了飞机飞行安全。机场工作人员加强调查区域内植被以及周边环境管理,合理控制植物种类以及植株高度,可以有效的减少植物吸引鸟类进入机场的频率。对漠河古莲机场进行调查,从植物环境方面科学有效的防鸟,可为北方机场鸟情调研提供理论依据,为我国最北机场鸟击防范服务。

Investigation of Plant Community Diversity and Its Effect on Birds in Gulian Airport of Mohe River

The occurrence of airport bird strikes is one of the important factors affecting the flight safety of aircraft.The plant community diversity in the airport will directly or indirectly affect the bird community.This team used sample method and spot check method to investigate airport plants,and line transect method and spot sample method to investigate airport birds.A total of 3652 plants were observed,belonging to 69 species and 25 families,of which 25 species were dominant plants,3 species of herbivorous birds in 2 families and 12 species of omnivorous birds in 8 families.The results showed that the diversity index,evenness index and dominance index of coniferous forest were the highest.In Mohe Gulian Airport,there are rich plant species,diverse community types and good growth conditions,which provide a good food source and habitat environment for birds,and affect the safety of aircraft flight.Airport staff should strengthen the management of vegetation and surrounding environment in the survey area,and reasonably control plant species and plant height,which can effectively reduce the frequency of plants attracting birds into the airport.The investigation of mohe gulian airport can provide sufficient theoretical basis for the investigation of bird situation in the northern airport and fill the vacancy of the investigation of bird situation in the northernmost airport in our country.