控释复肥中磷素在马铃薯上的效应研究

采用18-9-18和15-15-15包膜控释肥及相应的普通速效复合肥进行马铃薯小区试验,研究在低磷(P2O575kg/hm2)和高磷(P2O5150kg/hm2)2种磷肥水平下,磷素控释对土壤供磷状况、马铃薯磷素累积、当季磷肥利用率以及产量的影响。研究结果表明,与普通速效复肥相比,控释复肥施入土壤后磷的有效性较高,马铃薯植株的磷累积吸收量比普通化肥明显增加,当季磷肥利用率显著提高。低磷控释的处理当季磷肥利用率比非控释的处理增加了32个百分点,达到了44.4%;高磷控释肥处理的当季磷肥利用率比高磷非控释的处理增加了35个百分点,达到了48.7%,并且显著提高了马铃薯产量。

Effects of phosphorus in controlled-released compound fertilizer on potato growth

The effects of application of phosphorus with controlled release compound fertilizers (CRCF) on availability of P in soil, the uptake of P in potato plant, the phosphorus use efficiency and potato yield were investigated in this paper. Two kinds of controlled release compound fertilizers with N P₂O₅K 2O ratio of 18-9-18 and 15-15-15 at low P rate of P₂O₅ 75 kg /hm² and high P rate of P₂O₅ 150 kg /hm² were used in the field plot experiment. The results showed that the availability of phosphorus in soil was higher than that of common compound fertilizers, especially 30 days after transplanting. The accumulative uptake of P in potato and potato yield were significantly increased by application of CRCFs as compared to that of common compound fertilizers. The P use efficiency increased by 32% for the low P rate and 35% for the high P rate treatment, respectively, as compared to the same P rate of common compound fertilizers.