基于mtDNA Cytb基因序列分析广东省东方蜜蜂遗传多样性

采用PCR产物直接测序法对广东省3个地区的89群东方蜜蜂线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因(Cyt b)序列进行了变异检测,并利用相关软件对所得数据进行群体遗传变异和遗传分化分析。所得序列长度为420bp,序列中的A,T,C,G平均含量分别为33.2%,44.0%,14.3%,8.5%;共检测到13个变异位点,其中转换变异位点12个,颠换变异位点1个,并且变异位点大多数发生在密码子第三位,无碱基插入或缺失;碱基组成A+T含量高,占77.2%,呈现明显的A+T偏倚性;3个地区种群间的遗传距离为0.0023、0.0020、0.0019;共定义14种单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.781±0.032,核苷酸多样度为0.004±0.0003。结果揭示广东省东方蜜蜂遗传多样性较为丰富,且存在一定的遗传分化。

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Apis cerana in Guangdong Province Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene Sequences

we examined mitochondria DNA Cytochrome b sequence variation of 89 colonies of Apis cerana from Guangdong province by the method of PCR with direct sequencing, and analyzed the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation from the received data by using related software. The results revealed that the length of the DNA sequences were 420 bp and the average values of base composition of A. T, C and G in the sequences were 33.2%, 44.0%, 14.3%, 8.5% respectively;, In the samples assayed, there were thirteen variation loci, of which 12 sites were transitions. 1 was transversion and most variation sites occurred in the third site of codon and there were no deletions or insertions in the sequences. The bases of A ＋ T content is high, accounted for 77.2%, shows a obviously strong A＋T bias. The genetic distance between the three regions were 0.002 3 0.002 0 and 0.001 ~ respectively. A total of 14 haplotypes were identified. The haplotypes diversity was 0.781 ±0.032, and nucleotides diversity was 0.004 ±0.0003. The results indicate that there is abundant genetic diversity and some genetic differentiation in Apis cerana of Guangdong province.