县级尺度土地利用结构特征定量分析

基于土地利用数量和空间结构内涵理解，选取相关定量指标组合并结合GIS技术，以安徽省含山县为例，利用其2002年土地变更数据和2000年1︰50000土地利用现状图，探讨县级尺度土地利用结构特征定量分析方法。研究表明：定量分析结果与县域实际相一致，所选取的定量指标能够充分发挥各自作用，尤其是在表征数量结构总体特征上，多样化指数、集中化指数、洛伦兹曲线和组合系数4个指标之间优势互补，相互验证，最为显著，这说明定量分析具有可行性，其关键在于合理地选取具有明确意义的定量指标组合，包括指标选取以及各指标之间的优化组合。全县土地利用结构总体特征可概括为：以耕地－林地－未利用地－水域为组合类型，以耕地和林地为景观基质，土地利用程度不高，以农用地为主，县域地形地貌格局是土地利用结构形成的自然基础，单位面积土地GDP、人口密度与土地利用程度、建设用地区位优势在一定程度上呈正相关。该研究可为县级，尤其是类似地区土地利用结构特征定量分析提供借鉴和参考。

Quantitative analysis of land use structure characteristics at county scale

The purpose of this research was to quantitatively analyze land use structure characteristics at the county scale by selecting related quantitative indices combined with GIS technology, for understanding both quantitative and spatial structure of land use. The quantitative analysis was carried out by using the cadastre data in 2002 and the land use map of 1︰50000 scales in 2000 in Hanshan County, Anhui Province. The results show that quantitative analysis can agree with the practial of land use of Hanshan County. The selected indices can revealed well the basic characteristics of land use structure by making full use of their advantages respectively, especially the Gibbs-Martin index, Centralization index, Lorenz curve and Weaver-Thomas index. Further, it indicates that quantitative analysis of land use structure characteristics is feasible. It is key to correctly select related quantitative indices, including selection of quantitative indices and optimal combination. The main features of land use structure in the county can be generalized as: regional land combination type comprises arable land, forest land, unused land and water area, both arable land and forest land patches are landscape matrix, land use degree is not high and agricultural land is predominant. The topography and geomorphology pattern provides a natural foundation of land use structure in the county and there is a positive correlation to between GDP per unit area of land, population density and land use degree and location advantage of land for buildings. Demonstration analysis shows that this quantitative method can provide some references for analyzing land use structure characteristics at county scale, especially in similar regions.