半干旱退化山区不同土地利用方式土壤理化性质的特征研究

通过对半干旱退化山区不同土地利用方式的土壤理化性质的调查研究.得出不同土地利用措施土壤机械成分表现出一定的差异性,在0-40 cm土层,88542整地和人工草地的粗砂粒平均含量高于天然草地;在0-100 cm土层,最大田间持水量:人工林地＞人工草地＞天然草地;毛管持水量:人工草地＞人工林地＞天然草地;土壤总孔隙度:人工林地＞人工草地＞天然草地;毛管孔隙度:人工草地＞人工林地＞天然草地;土壤的透气性:人工林地＞人工草地＞天然草地.在0-100 cm土层:有机质的含量为:人工林地＞天然草地＞人工草地;土壤碱解氮的含量变化为:人工林地＞人工草地＞天然草地;土壤速效磷的含量变化为:人工林地＞人工草地＞天然草地.结果表明,合理的土地利用方式,改善了土壤结构和肥力,增加土壤的通透性,改变土壤水肥气热状况,其中人工造林整地对土壤容重、持水量、土壤养分的促进作用均优于其它利用方式,有利于植被的快速恢复.

Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Landuse Patterns in Semi-arid Degraded Mountainous Areas

Soil physical and chemical properties of different landuse patterns in semi-arid degraded mountainous areas were investigated. Results showed that soil mechanical composition for different landuse measures had a certain difference. The amount of coarse sand particles and middle sand particles in 0-40 cm soil layer for the landuse with measure was higher than that for the landuse without measure. In 0-100 cm soil layer, the order of landuse, in terms of the largest field water capacity under different landuses, was plantation >artificial grassland > natural grassland; in terms of capillary water holding capacity, the order was artificialgrassland > plantation > natural grassland; in terms of soil total porosity, the order was plantation > artificial grassland > natural grassland; in terms of capillary porosity, the order was artificial grassland > plantation > natural grassland; and in terms of soil permeability, the order was plantation > artificial grassland > natural grassland. In 0-100 cm soil layer, the order of landuse, in terms of organic matter content, was plantation > natural grassland > artificial grassland ; in terms of soil nit rogen content, the order was plantation > artificial grassland > nat ural grassland; and in terms of soil available phosp horus content, the order was plantation> artificial grassland > natural grassland. The order sindicate that reasonable landuse can improve soil structure and soil fertility, increase soil permeability, and improve soil conditions. Artificial plantation is bet ter than other landuse patterns. It improves soil properties such as micro aggregates, soil bulk density, water holding capacity, and soil nutrients and is conducive to rapid vegetation recovery.