常规管理荔枝园节肢动物优势种时间动态研究

[目的]为了摸清荔枝园节肢动物群落的优势种种类、数量及消长规律,为荔枝害虫的综合治理提供科学依据。[方法]于2006年4～11月在荔枝园中选取4株样树,采用抽样调查法和网捕法对广州市从化区太平中学荔枝园节肢动物群落结构及动态进行调查,平均每月调查3～4次,共27次。[结果]荔枝园内节肢动物群落划分为植食性、寄生性、捕食性、中性4个营养集团类群,它们的第一优势度种依次为:摇蚊科,52.3%;蠓科,15.3%;蜘蛛目,57.8%;缘腹细蜂科,20.6%。不同营养集团的优势种在施用农药期间和之后的变化规律差异较大。[结论]建议在荔枝园害虫治理时,根据不同种类的农药耐受性来确定农药品种、类型和施用时间。

Temporal Dynamics Research on Dominant Arthropod Species in Lichi Orchard

[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the dominant species, quantity and growth and decline law of arthropods community in litchi orchard and supply scientific basis for integrated management of lichi pest. [Method] 4 sample trees were selected and the arthropods community structure and dynamic were investigated by sampling survey method and netting method in Taiping middle school lichi orchard of Conghua district in Guangzhou City were investigated from April 2006 to November and for 27 times and the investigations averaged 3~4 times monthly. [Result] The arthropods communities in lichi orchard were divided into 4 nutrient groups such as phytophagous, parasitic, predatory and neutral group. Their first dominant species were chironomidae at 52.3 %, ceratopogonidae at 15.3 %, araneae at 57.8 % and scelionidae at 20.6 % in turn. The dominant species changing law of different nutrient groups had more differences during and after pesticide application. [Conclusion] It was suggested that the pesticide variety, type and application time should be confirmed on the base of pesticide tolerance of different kinds in controlling lichi orchard pests.