环境因子对春季大棚早熟苋菜营养生长的影响

研究了塑料大棚内的光照强度、气温、地温、二氧化碳浓度及氮肥施量5五个环境因子五水平的处理组合对春苋菜早熟栽培营养生长的影响,结果表明,不同处理组合对苋菜茎高,茎粗,叶片面积、厚度,植株干重,根系活力及叶绿素含量等指标有着极显著的影响;处理B(0网1膜)的综合环境最为优越,以处理A(0网0膜)为对照,B的茎高增加了127.1%,茎粗72.1%,叶片面积248.7%,叶片厚度7.7%,鲜重308.2%,干重218.6%,根系总吸收面积152.7%,活跃吸收面积231.1%,总叶绿素含量16%;处理C(1网1膜)、D(2网1膜)和E(3网1膜)的各营养生长指标都有不同程度的降低。光照强度是早春大棚苋菜能否获得高产的首要因子,弱光下盲目施用CO2可能导致不经济;苋菜在高强度光照或高浓度CO2下栽培,需要配合高水平氮;严重遮荫时,高水平氮相对过剩,反而不如低水平氮更易获得高产。

Effects of environmental factors on growth of early spring maturing Amaranthus tricolor in plastic houses

Effects of five environmental factor combinations(sunlight intensity,air temperature,soil temperature,carbon dioxide concentration and nitrogen fertilizer quantity) on growth of early spring maturing A.tricolor cultured in plastic house were systematically studied.There were very significant effects between different treatment combinations on A.tricolor stem height,stem thickness,blade area,leaf thickness,fresh weight,dry weight,root activity and chlorophyll content.The comprehensive environment of treatment B was the optimum.Treatment A(check) had no net or film covering while treatment B had no net but one film layer.This increased stem height by 127.1%,stem thickness by 72.1%,blade area by 248.7%,leaf thickness by 7.7%,fresh weight by 308.2%,dry weight by 218.6%,total absorbing area by 152.7%,active absorbing area by 231.1%,and chlorophyll content by 16%.Vegetative indices in treatments C(one layer of net and one of film),D(two layers of net and one of film),and E(three layers of net and one of film) decreased in varying degrees.Treatment C was closer to treatment A and treatment D to treatment E.High levels nitrogen fertilizer were needed when A.tricolor was planted in condition of high sunlight or high CO2 concentration.On the other hand,when light was considerably reduced by shade,A.tricolor did not have a high vegetative yield because of a relative surplus of nitrogen.