生草葡萄园土壤微生物分布及土壤酶活性研究

为了探讨生草对葡萄园土壤肥力的影响,采集葡萄试验园行间播种高羊茅、紫花苜蓿、白三叶草区域不同土层土样,以清耕土样为对照,对土样中的土壤酶活性和微生物数量分布进行了研究。结果表明,随土层深度的增加,各处理土壤微生物数量及酶活性均呈递减趋势;生草区域土壤微生物总量普遍高于清耕(对照),其中以细菌为主,其数量占土壤微生物总量的90%以上,纤维素分解菌数量最少,占土壤微生物总量的不到1%;紫花苜蓿处理土壤中蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、纤维素酶活性是其他3个处理的1.15~2.23,1.10~2.17,1.70~3.21,1.03~1.30倍;过氧化氢酶随土层的变化不明显;经相关分析发现,除过氧化氢酶与土壤微生物未表现出相关性外,其他土壤酶活性与土壤微生物之间绝大部分都呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。由此得出,葡萄园生草可以改善土壤的肥力状况,其中行间播种紫花苜蓿最为适宜。

Ecological distributing of soil microorganisms and activity of Soil enzymes in vineyard green covering

In order to approach the effect of vineyard green covering on soil fertility,the enzyme activities and microorganism of soil in the vineyard covering with Tall fescue(Festuca arundincea),Alfalfa(Medicago sativa),White Clover(Trifolium repens L) and Cleaning tillage(CK) were studied.The result showed that the amount of soil microorganism and soil enzyme activity both presented the trend of gradual decrease with the increase of the soil layer depth;among the different treatments,the amount of microorganism was more than that under Cleaning tillage(CK) except Actinomyces;bacteria shared the absolute advantage,which made up 90% of the total amount;the fibrous disaggrega-tire bacterium kept minimum,less than 1%.The activities of SaA,UrA,Phosphatase,Cellulose in treatment of Alfalfa were 1.15-2.23,1.10-2.17,1.70-3.21,1.03-1.30 times higher than the other three treatments,respectively.However,the CAT activity in different treatments showed little difference.Correlation analysis showed that soil enzyme activities were significantly correlated with soil microorganism,except the CAT.With the results analyzed above,it can be learned that soil fertilities can be improved with planting grasses in the vineyard,especially with Alfalfa.