外源激素对棉花体细胞胚胎发生及发育的调控作用

选用11种激素研究了外源激素对棉花胚性愈伤组织增殖、胚胎发生和发育的调控作用。结果表明，不同激素对棉花胚性愈伤组织增殖、胚胎发生与发育的影响不同。除2，4-D和BA对棉花胚性愈伤组织的增殖影响不大外，其它激素对棉花胚性愈伤组织的增殖均具有抑制作用，且具有一定的时间效应，同时还受基因型的影响。激素对棉花体细胞胚的形成和发育的影响极大，2，4-D既抑制了体细胞胚的形成，又抑制了体细胞胚的发育；TDZ的作用与2，4-D相似，显著抑制了体细胞胚的形成，且诱导获得的体细胞胚均停留在球形胚阶段；GA也抑制了体细胞胚的形成，且不利于体细胞胚的成熟与萌发；4BU-30对棉花体细胞胚形成与发育的影响不大。其它7类生长素类物质和细胞分裂素类物质对棉花体细胞胚的形成均具有促进作用，且依IBA、ABA、IAA、BA、KT、ZT、2iP次序增强，其总胚数为对照的1．193～3．852倍；其中2iP的促进作用最大，可使产生的体细胞胚数提高2．852倍。

Hormone Regulation on Cotton Somatic Embryogenesis

Effects of exogenous hormones on the proliferentiation of cotton embryogenic callus, the differentiation and development of cotton somatic embryos were studied. The results indicated that most of hormones inhibited the growth and the proliferentiation of cotton embryogenic callus except 2,4-D and BA, and it was influenced by culture time and genotypes. The formation and development of cotton somatic embryos were greatly influenced by exogenous hormones, 2, 4-D inhibited either formation or development of cotton somatic embryos, the embryos which obtained on the medium only with 2,4-D arrested in globular or heart stages; the role of TDZ was similar with 2,4-D, all of somatic embryos which obtained on the medium only with TDZ were arrested in globular stage; GA inhibited the formation of somatic embryos, and was disadvantage to the maturation and germination of cotton somatic embryos; BU-30 did not influence on the differentiation and development of cotton somatic embryos. IBA, ABA, IAA, BA, KT, ZT, and 2iP promoted the differentiation of cotton somatic embryos, and the role was increase progressively by the above-mentioned sequence. but they were no greatly influenced on the development of embryo. 2iP was the best hormones for the formation and the development of cotton somatic embryo, the increase in the number of embryos per 1g callus was 2. 852 fold.