检疫性害虫四纹豆象的胚胎发育研究

为了完善国内在四纹豆象胚胎发育方面的研究，为四纹豆象的有效治理提供科学理论依据，给中国粮食部门的四纹豆象防治工作提供真实可靠的实验数据，通过显微镜观察描述了四纹豆象的胚胎发育过程，同时研究了温度对其发育历期的影响。结果表明：在28℃恒温和70%相对湿度条件下，四纹豆象胚胎发育经历了卵裂、胚盘胚带形成、胚层胚膜形成、胚体分节和附肢形成、胚胎背合与胚胎成熟时期等五个过程。卵的历期为118 h，其中0~11 h 为卵裂期，12~16 h 为胚盘胚带形成期，17~21 h 是胚层胚膜形成期，22~90 h 为胚体分节和附肢形成阶段，91~118 h 是胚胎背合与胚胎成熟阶段。在20~37℃的温度范围内，实验种群卵的孵化时间伴随着温度的提高而缩短。本研究为四纹豆象分类和系统发育提供依据，也为四纹豆象分子生物学的深入研究奠定了基础。

Embryonic Development of Quarantine Pest Callosobruchus maculatus

In order to improve the research on embryonic development of Callosobruchus maculatus, provide a scientific theoretical basis for effective management and offer reliable and accurate experimental data on prevention and control of C. maculatus for China’s grain agency, embryonic development process of quarantine pest C. maculatus was studied at the temperature of 28℃ and relative humidity of 70% under microscopic observation. Then, the effect of temperature on embryonic development duration was analyzed. The results showed that the embryonic development duration of C. maculatus lasted 118 h. Embryonic development process mainly included five stages which were cleavage, formation of blastoderm and germ band, formation of germinal layer and membrane, segmentation of embryonic body and formation of appendages, dorsal enclosure and the mature of embryo; and the corresponding time was 0-11 h, 12-16 h, 17-21 h, 22-90 h and 91-118 h. Incubation period of C. maculatus egg decreased with the increase of temperature at the range of 20-37℃. This study provided a reference for the classification and phylogeny of C. maculatus, and laid a foundation for the further molecular biological study of C. maculatus.