缅甸外海大西洋带鱼基础生物学特性初步研究

目的]了解缅甸外海大西洋带鱼的基本生物学特性,为合理开发和利用该海域的渔业资源提供参考.方法]根据2012年10月～2013年1月在缅甸外海定置网渔船探捕调查所收集的渔获资料,对主要渔获的大西洋带鱼（Trichiurus lepturus）生物学特性进行研究分析.结果]大西洋带鱼的雌雄性别比1.1∶1.0;性成熟度以Ⅱ～Ⅳ期为主,占样本总数的94.35％;摄食等级不高,主要是1～2级,占样本总数的78.24％;肛长范围101～422 mm,均值为212.26 mm,优势肛长组为141～260mm,占个体总数的79.14％.按经、纬度来分析,发现在东经95°～96°30 ′范围内大西洋带鱼的平均肛长较短,而在北纬14°～15°30′范围内大西洋带鱼的平均肛长较长;雌性个体在优势肛长组（181～220mm）中出现的频率高于雄性.大西洋带鱼的优势体重组为51～200 g,占个体总数的63.94％,且雌性所占比例较雄性高.对大西洋带鱼的肛长与体重进行线性回归处理,发现雌性个体与雄性个体的生长模式基本相同,肛长与体重不存在显著相关性.结论]缅甸外海大西洋带鱼的资源状况良好,捕捞生产仍可持续发展.

Biological characteristics of Trichiurus lepturus in Andaman Sea of Myanmar

Objective]Biological characteristics of Trichiurus lepturus were studied to provide references for reasonably developing and utilizing fishery resources in this area. Method]Based on the data obtained from investigation area made by set net fish boat in the Andaman Sea of Myanmar during October 2012 to January 2013, the biological characteristics of Trichiurus lepturus were studied. Result]The results showed that maturity at stage II -IV of the gonad was dominant with percentage of 94.35. Feeding intensity was mainly in class 1 or class 2 （78.24%）. Anus length range was 101-422 mm with the mean value of 212.26 mm. The dominant length was 141-260 mm （79. 14%）. Average anus length in the areas of 14°N-15°30＇N was great, while in 95°E-96°30＇E, it was smaller. Frequency of female was higher than that of male in the dominant anus length grouping （181-220 mm）. The dominant weight group was 51-200 g （63.94%）, and male proportion was greater. Linear regression of anus length and weight found that female and male shared the same growth pattern. There was no significant difference between anus length and weight. Conclusion]It can be deduced that the resources of Trichiurus lepturus in the investigation area are rich, hence fishing can continue developing in a sustainable manner.