植保无人机喷施锌锰型水稻降Cd叶面阻控剂的飞行参数研究

应用植保无人机喷施叶面阻控剂有利于提高喷施均匀度、减少劳动力成本、提升作业效率。为规范植保无人机喷施叶面阻控剂田间作业,确保作业技术效果,本研究以大疆T16植保无人机为作业机,研究了喷施"美鑫隆"锌锰型叶面阻控剂以降低水稻Cd积累的最佳飞行高度、飞行速度和喷雾剂量等参数。结果表明,喷施锌锰型叶面阻控剂最佳降镉(Cd)效果的植保无人机作业参数分别为:喷施叶面阻控剂质量分数为12%,喷头总流量为3.6 L·min~(-1),飞行高度3 m,飞行速度5 m·s~(-1)。第二年在最佳参数下喷施叶面阻控剂,黄华占和湘晚籼13号的糙米Cd含量分别比对照下降了0.24 mg·kg~(-1)和0.12 mg·kg~(-1),降Cd率分别达到52.7%和62.1%(P0.01)。

Effects of flight parameters of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) on rice cadmium reduction via spraying of zinc-manganese leaf inhibitor

The application of a foliar inhibitor and control agent via plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) conducive to improving spraying uniformity, reducing labor cost, and improving operation efficiency. To improve the field operation specification of plant protection UAVs and ensure the technical parameters of the operation, the study investigated the large DaJiang T16 plant protection UAV, and studied the optimal operation parameters for plant protection UAVs to produce cadmium reducing effects in rice by spraying zinc-manganese leaf inhibitor. Results highlighted that the optimal operation parameters were spraying foliar inhibitor mixed with water at a percentage of 12%, with a total nozzle flow rate of 3.6 L·min^-1, a flight altitude of 3 m, and speed of 5 m·s^-1, respectively. Moreover, results showed that the Cd reduction rates of brown rice, Huanghuazhan and Xiangwanxian 13, in the spraying area were significantly decearsed by 52.7% and 62.1%, respectively, in the second year when the foliar inhibitor spraying was performed under optimal working parameters.