不同玉米品种光合特性及青贮产量品质的差异性研究

明确内蒙古中熟区不同玉米品种光合效率、青贮产量及品质的差异性,为筛选适宜内蒙古中西部地区种植的中熟青贮玉米品种提供理论依据。系统分析了先玉335、利禾1号、东裕120、金创998、京科青贮301和种星青饲1号6个玉米品种关键生育时期的叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、光合特征指标的动态变化规律以及青贮收获期的产量和品质指标。结果表明,随生育期的推进各品种的各项光合指标变化规律均表现为抽雄吐丝期>大喇叭口期>灌浆初期>灌浆中期。各品种玉米的叶绿素含量均无显著差异。种星青饲1号、先玉335和利禾1号叶面积指数显著高于其他玉米品种,净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率的变化趋势较平缓,其生物产量均达到了20 100kg/hm ²以上,品质优良,综合各玉米品种的光合特性、产量以及品质分析得出,种星青饲1号、先玉335以及利禾1号3个品种作为内蒙古中熟区青贮玉米种植。

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield and Quality of Different Maize Varieties

This study was conducted to understand the difference of photosynthetic efficiency, silage yield, and quality of different maize varieties in the middle-maturing region of Inner Mongolia, and provide theoretical basis for screening suitable middle maturing silage maize varieties in the central and western region of Inner Mongolia. This study systematically analyzed the leaf area index, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic parameters of six maize varieties Xianyu 335, Lihe 1, Dongyu 120, Jinchuang 998, Jingke silage 301 and Zhongxing 1 in key growth stages, as well as the yield and quality indexes during silage harvest. The results showed that all photosynthetic indices varied in the whole growth period changes is tasseling stage > big trumpet stage > early stage grouting > mid-grouting. There was no significant difference in chlorophyll content of silage maize. The leaf area index and chlorophyll content of Zhongxing 1, Xianyu 335, and Lihe 1 were all at a high level. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were relatively smooth. The longer photosynthetic time and higher level were maintained and the yields of the three varieties reached more than 20 100kg/ha or more. Based on the analysis of photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of maize varieties, three varieties, Zhongxing 1, Xianyu 335, and Lihe 1 were suggested as silage maize in the middle-maturing area of Inner Mongolia.