山西省冬小麦生产潜力时空分布与气象因子分析

估算一定区域内作物生产潜力,对于明确该区域作物生产力及其限制因子具有重要意义。采用农业生态区域法和生产潜力递减机制法估算山西省冬小麦生产潜力,并解析其与主要气象因子的关系。结果表明,2004-2013年山西省冬小麦平均光合、光温、气候和土地生产潜力分别介于63.63~74.81、10.86~12.97、3.68~5.65和2.71~4.73t/hm ²。山西冬小麦生产潜力分布特征为南部普遍低于中部地区,中部盆地地区普遍低于东西部高海拔地区。与2004-2008年相比,2009-2013年晋中西部地区和吕梁冬小麦光合和光温生产潜力有所增加,而晋中东部和长治东部的冬小麦气候和土地生产潜力有所降低。限制冬小麦气候和土地生产潜力的主要气象因子是生育期降水量和日平均温度。

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Potential Productivity of Winter Wheat and Meteorological Factor Analysis in Shanxi Province

Estimating crop potential productivity in a certain region is of great significance for defining crop productivity and limiting factors of certain region. In this study, potential productivity of winter wheat in Shanxi Province and its relationship with major meteorological factors was estimated through agro-ecological zone method and the production potential decline mechanism. The results showed that the average photosynthetic, light-temperature, climate and land potential productivity of winter wheat in Shanxi during 2004-2013 were among 63.63-74.81, 10.86-12.97, 3.68-5.65 and 2.71-4.73t/ha, respectively. Potential productivity of winter wheat in the south of Shanxi Province was generally lower than that in the central region, whereas, central basin region was generally lower than that in the eastern and western high-altitude areas. The photosynthetic and light-temperature potential productivity of winter wheat in the west of Jinzhong and Lüliang increased during 2009-2013, compared to 2004-2008, while the climate potential productivity and land potential productivity of winter wheat in the east of Jinzhong and Changzhi during 2009-2013 decreased, compared to 2004-2008. The limiting meteorological factors to the climate potential productivity and land potential productivity of winter wheat were the precipitation and the average temperature during the growth season.